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The advent of quantum computing processors with possibility to scale beyond experimental capacities magnifies the importance of studying their applications. Combinatorial optimization problems can be one of the promising applications of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-18 Ehsan Zahedinejad , Arman Zaribafiyan

Quantum annealers offer an efficient way to compute high quality solutions of NP-hard problems when expressed in a QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or an Ising form. This is done by mapping a problem onto the physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev

Quantum algorithms have shown promise in solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems, benefiting from their connection to the transverse field Ising model. Various Ising solvers, both classical and quantum, have…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Zedong Peng , Daniel de Roux , David E. Bernal Neira

We introduce a novel quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) formulation for a classical problem in electrical engineering -- the optimal reconfiguration of distribution grids. For a given graph representing the grid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-31 Filipe F. C. Silva , Pedro M. S. Carvalho , Luis A. F. M. Ferreira , Yasser Omar

A quadratic binary unconstrained optimization model, hereafter QUBO, by definition is unconstrained. This, however, is not ideal if one needs to select a model containing only a fixed size binary vector. In this work we show how to add a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-11 Clark Alexander

Gaussian Processes are used in many applications to model spatial phenomena. Within this context, a key issue is to decide the set of locations where to take measurements so as to obtain a better approximation of the underlying function.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Lorenzo Bottarelli , Alessandro Farinelli

Diagnosing the minimal set of faults capable of explaining a set of given observations, e.g., from sensor readouts, is a hard combinatorial optimization problem usually tackled with artificial intelligence techniques. We present the mapping…

To run an algorithm on a quantum computer, one must choose an assignment from logical qubits in a circuit to physical qubits on quantum hardware. This task of initial qubit placement, or qubit allocation, is especially important on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-01 Bryan Dury , Olivia Di Matteo

The prospect of quantum solutions for complicated optimization problems is contingent on mapping the original problem onto a tractable quantum energy landscape, e.g. an Ising-type Hamiltonian. Subsequently, techniques like adiabatic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Sebastian Egginger , Kristina Kirova , Sonja Bruckner , Stefan Hillmich , Richard Kueng

Algorithms and hardware for solving quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems have made significant recent progress. This advancement has focused attention on formulating combinatorial optimization problems as quadratic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yuta Shikuri

We propose a new kernel that quantifies success for the task of computing a core-periphery partition for an undirected network. Finding the associated optimal partitioning may be expressed in the form of a quadratic unconstrained binary…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Catherine F. Higham , Desmond J. Higham , Francesco Tudisco

We present a classical algorithm to find approximate solutions to instances of quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation. The algorithm can be seen as an analogue of quantum annealing under the restriction of a product state space, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Joseph Bowles , Alexandre Dauphin , Patrick Huembeli , José Martinez , Antonio Acín

With the applications of quantum computing becoming more and more widespread, finding ways that allow end users without experience in the field to apply quantum computers to solve their individual problems is becoming a crucial task.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Damian Rovara , Nils Quetschlich , Robert Wille

Quantum approaches to combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are often limited by the resource demands of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) encodings, which enlarge circuits through penalty terms and increase qubit and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Frederik Koch , Shahram Panahiyan , Rick Mukherjee , Joseph Doetsch , Dieter Jaksch

Here, we present two complementary approaches that advance quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) toward practical use in data-driven materials design and other real-valued black-box optimization tasks. First, we introduce a…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-15 Thomas Plehn , Daniel Barragan-Yani , Eric Breitbarth , Guillermo Requena , David Melching

Modern quantum annealers can find high-quality solutions to combinatorial optimisation objectives given as quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation (QUBO) problems. Unfortunately, obtaining suitable QUBO forms in computer vision remains…

We suggest employing graph sparsification as a pre-processing step for maxcut programs using the QUBO solver. Quantum(-inspired) algorithms are recognized for their potential efficiency in handling quadratic unconstrained binary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-25 Vorapong Suppakitpaisarn , Jin-Kao Hao

There is a growing interest in harnessing the potential of the Rydberg-atom system to address complex combinatorial optimization challenges. Here we present an experimental demonstration of how the quadratic unconstrained binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-03 Andrew Byun , Junwoo Jung , Kangheun Kim , Minhyuk Kim , Seokho Jeong , Heejeong Jeong , Jaewook Ahn

Several combinatorial optimization problems can be solved with NISQ devices once that a corresponding quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) form is derived. The aim of this work is to drastically reduce the variables needed for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Dario De Santis , Salvatore Tirone , Stefano Marmi , Vittorio Giovannetti

Many artificial intelligence (AI) problems naturally map to NP-hard optimization problems. This has the interesting consequence that enabling human-level capability in machines often requires systems that can handle formally intractable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Hartmut Neven , Geordie Rose , William G. Macready