Related papers: A.Ya. Khintchine's Work in Probability Theory
The purpose of this article is to formulate a number of probabilistic hidden-variable theorems, to provide proofs in some cases, and counterexamples to some conjectured relationships. The first theorem is the fundamental one. It asserts the…
In 1910 Einstein published a crucial aspect of his understanding of Boltzmann entropy. He essentially argued that the likelihood function of any system composed by two probabilistically independent subsystems {\it ought} to be factorizable…
We study approximation in the unit interval by rational numbers whose numerators are selected randomly with certain probabilities. Previous work showed that an analogue of Khintchine's Theorem holds in a similar random model and raised the…
The Weak Law of Large Numbers is traced chronologically from its inception as Jacob Bernoulli's Theorem in 1713, through De Moivre's Theorem, to ultimate forms due to Uspensky and Khinchin in the 1930s, and beyond. Both aspects of Jacob…
We prove the convergence case of Khintchine's theorem, with general approximation functions that are not necessarily monotonic, for analytic nonplanar manifolds over local fields of positive characteristic. Our approach is based on the…
We apply the Law of Total Probability to the construction of scale-invariant probability distribution functions (pdfs), and require that probability measures be dimensionless and unitless under a continuous change of scales. If the…
The evolution of the distribution-theoretic methods in perturbative quantum field theory is reviewed starting from Bogolyubov's pioneering 1952 work with emphasis on the theory and calculations of perturbation theory integrals.
The Kolmogorov axioms for probability functions are placed in the context of signed meadows. A completeness theorem is stated and proven for the resulting equational theory of probability calculus. Elementary definitions of probability…
In this paper we explore the following question: can the probabilities constituting the quantum Boltzmann distribution, $P^B_n \propto e^{-E_n/kT}$, be derived from a requirement that the quantum configuration-space distribution for a…
The 150th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding Russian mathematician Vladimir Andreevich Steklov falls on January 9, 2014. In this paper (it is a part of survey to be published in January 2014), we describe advances in one of several…
We establish a weighted simultaneous Khintchine-type theorem, both convergence and divergence, for all nondegenerate manifolds, which answers a problem posed in [Math. Ann., 337(4):769-796, 2007]. This extends the main results of [Acta…
The paper `Note sur une relation entre les int\'egrales d\'efinies des produits des fonctions' by C. Andr\'eief is an often cited paper in random matrix theory, due to it containing what is now referred to as Andr\'eief's integration…
We prove versions of Khintchine's Theorem (1924) for approximations by rational numbers whose numerators lie in randomly chosen sets of integers, and we explore the extent to which the monotonicity assumption can be removed. Roughly…
We obtain a non-linear generalization of the relativistic diffusion of particles with spin. We discuss diffusion equations whose non-linearity is a consequence of quantum statistics. We show that the assumptions of the relativistic…
This paper is a top down historical perspective on the several phases in the development of probability from its prehistoric origins to its modern day evolution, as one of the key methodologies in artificial intelligence, data science, and…
This book contains a large number of exercises related to different stochastic disciplines. Difficulty of the problems varies from the basic level in the first chapter up to the analysis of articles in Probability, Statistics and Computer…
It is shown that the nonstandard representatives of Schwartz-distributions, as introduced by K.D. Stroyan and W.A.J. Luxemburg in their book 'Introduction to the theory of infinitesimals', are locally equal to a finite-order derivative of a…
A quantum probability model is introduced and used to explain human probability judgment errors including the conjunction, disjunction, inverse, and conditional fallacies, as well as unpacking effects and partitioning effects. Quantum…
A reasonably complete theory of the approximation of an irrational by rational fractions whose numerators and denominators lie in prescribed arithmetic progressions is developed in this paper. Results are both, on the one hand, from a…
Previously referred to as `miraculous' in the scientific literature because of its powerful properties and its wide application as optimal solution to the problem of induction/inference, (approximations to) Algorithmic Probability (AP) and…