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The lack of interpretability has hindered the large-scale adoption of AI technologies. However, the fundamental idea of interpretability, as well as how to put it into practice, remains unclear. We provide notions of interpretability based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Hangcheng Dong , Bingguo Liu , Fengdong Chen , Dong Ye , Guodong Liu

Possibilistic logic programs (poss-programs) under stable models are a major variant of answer set programming (ASP). While its semantics (possibilistic stable models) and properties have been well investigated, the problem of inductive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Hongbo Hu , Yisong Wang , Yi Huang , Kewen Wang

One of the most challenging goals in designing intelligent systems is empowering them with the ability to synthesize programs from data. Namely, given specific requirements in the form of input/output pairs, the goal is to train a machine…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Giovanni De Toni , Luca Erculiani , Andrea Passerini

Language models based on the Transformer architecture achieve excellent results in many language-related tasks, such as text classification or sentiment analysis. However, despite the architecture of these models being well-defined, little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Miguel López-Otal , Jorge Gracia , Jordi Bernad , Carlos Bobed , Lucía Pitarch-Ballesteros , Emma Anglés-Herrero

The pursuit of interpretable artificial intelligence has led to significant advancements in the development of methods that aim to explain the decision-making processes of complex models, such as deep learning systems. Among these methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yihao Zhang

Understanding how a learned black box works is of crucial interest for the future of Machine Learning. In this paper, we pioneer the question of the global interpretability of learned black box models that assign numerical values to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Stephane Ayache , Remi Eyraud , Noe Goudian

Inscrutable AI systems are difficult to trust, especially if they operate in safety-critical settings like autonomous driving. Therefore, there is a need to build transparent and queryable systems to increase trust levels. We propose a…

Semi-supervised learning has shown promise in allowing NLP models to generalize from small amounts of labeled data. Meanwhile, pretrained transformer models act as black-box correlation engines that are difficult to explain and sometimes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Reid Pryzant , Ziyi Yang , Yichong Xu , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng

Given a segment of time series of a system at a particular set of parameter values, can one infers the global behavior of the system in its parameter space? Here we show that by using a learning machine we can achieve such a goal to a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-04-15 Hong Zhao

Interpreting how does deep neural networks (DNNs) make predictions is a vital field in artificial intelligence, which hinders wide applications of DNNs. Visualization of learned representations helps we humans understand the vision of DNNs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Chen Li , Jinzhe Jiang , Xin Zhang , Tonghuan Zhang , Yaqian Zhao , Dongdong Jiang , RenGang Li

Interpretability, explainability and transparency are key issues to introducing Artificial Intelligence methods in many critical domains: This is important due to ethical concerns and trust issues strongly connected to reliability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 George A. Vouros

A main drawback of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) approaches is the feature independence assumption, hindering the study of potential variable dependencies. This leads to approximating black box behaviors by analyzing the effects…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Martina Cinquini , Riccardo Guidotti

Perceiving the surrounding environment in terms of objects is useful for any general purpose intelligent agent. In this paper, we investigate a fundamental mechanism making object perception possible, namely the identification of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-12 Nicolas Le Hir , Olivier Sigaud , Alban Laflaquière

The purported "black box" nature of neural networks is a barrier to adoption in applications where interpretability is essential. Here we present DeepLIFT (Deep Learning Important FeaTures), a method for decomposing the output prediction of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Avanti Shrikumar , Peyton Greenside , Anshul Kundaje

AI agents are promising for high-stakes enterprise workflows, but dependable deployment remains limited because tool-use failures are difficult to diagnose and control. Agents may skip required tool calls, invoke tools unnecessarily, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hariom Tatsat , Ariye Shater

As the manufacturing industry advances with sensor integration and automation, the opaque nature of deep learning models in machine learning poses a significant challenge for fault detection and diagnosis. And despite the related predictive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ahmed Maged , Salah Haridy , Herman Shen

This report outlines an approach to learning generative models from data. We express models as probabilistic programs, which allows us to capture abstract patterns within the examples. By choosing our language for programs to be an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-10-27 Irvin Hwang , Andreas Stuhlmüller , Noah D. Goodman

Computational and cognitive studies of event understanding suggest that identifying, comprehending, and predicting events depend on having structured representations of a sequence of events and on conceptualizing (abstracting) its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Hongming Zhang , Muhao Chen , Haoyu Wang , Yangqiu Song , Dan Roth

Most successful machine intelligence systems rely on gradient-based learning, which is made possible by backpropagation. Some systems are designed to aid us in interpreting data when explicit goals cannot be provided. These unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Aditya Ramesh , Yann LeCun

Artificial intelligence techniques are increasingly being applied to solve control problems, but often rely on black-box methods without transparent output generation. To improve the interpretability and transparency in control systems,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Sigur de Vries , Sander Keemink , Marcel van Gerven