Related papers: Precision Prediction for the Cosmological Density …
Self-similarity induced by critical gravitational collapse is used as a paradigm to probe the mass distribution of subsolar objects. At large mass (solar mass and above) there is widespread agreement as to both the form and parameter values…
Gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics provide two complementary, nearly orthogonal, constraints on the mass distribution of early-type lens galaxies. This allows the luminous and dark-matter distribution in higher-redshift (z>0.1)…
Direct measurements of dark matter distributions in galaxies are currently only possible through the use of gravitational lensing observations. Combinations of lens modelling and stellar velocity dispersion measurements provide the best…
We present a new algorithm that can reconstruct the full distributions of metric components within the class of spherically symmetric dust universes that may include a cosmological constant. The algorithm is capable of confronting this…
Whilst the underlying assumption of the Friedman-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological model is that matter is homogeneously distributed throughout the universe, gravitational influences over the life of the universe have resulted…
As observers of the universe we are physical systems within it. If the universe is very large in space and/or time, the probability becomes significant that the data on which we base predictions is replicated at other locations in…
An important aspect of the shape of a distribution is the level of asymmetry. Strong asymmetries play a role in many ecosystems and are found in the size and reproductive success of individuals. But the standard third moment coefficient of…
This paper considers a multivariate spatial random field, with each component having univariate marginal distributions of the skew-Gaussian type. We assume that the field is defined spatially on the unit sphere embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$,…
The central limit theorem provides the theoretical foundation for the universality of the normal distribution: under broad conditions, the asymptotic distribution of a sum of independent random variables approaches a Gaussian. Yet, physical…
One of the outstanding problems in general relativistic cosmology is that of the averaging. That is, how the lumpy universe that we observe at small scales averages out to a smooth Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model. The root…
We discuss how measurements of the absorption of gamma-rays from GeV to TeV energies via pair production on the extragalactic background light (EBL) can probe important issues in galaxy formation. Semi-analytic models (SAMs) of galaxy…
Gravitational lensing of distant objects caused by gravitational tidal forces from inhomogeneities in the universe is weak in most cases, but it is noticed that it gives a great deal of information about the universe, especially regarding…
The assumption that a complete description of an early state of the universe does not privilege any position or direction in space leads to a unified account of probability in cosmology, macroscopic physics, and quantum mechanics. Such a…
We show that the centered maximum of a sequence of log-correlated Gaussian fields in any dimension converges in distribution, under the assumption that the covariances of the fields converge in a suitable sense. We identify the limit as a…
We study the approximation of arbitrary distributions $P$ on $d$-dimensional space by distributions with log-concave density. Approximation means minimizing a Kullback--Leibler-type functional. We show that such an approximation exists if…
The Universe is mostly composed of large and relatively empty domains known as cosmic voids, whereas its matter content is predominantly distributed along their boundaries. The remaining material inside them, either dark or luminous matter,…
We study the problem of propagating the mean and covariance of a general multivariate Gaussian distribution through a deep (residual) neural network using layer-by-layer moment matching. We close a longstanding gap by deriving exact moment…
The number density of galaxy clusters across mass and redshift has been established as a powerful cosmological probe. Cosmological analyses with galaxy clusters traditionally employ scaling relations. However, many challenges arise from…
We investigate the evolution of the skewness of the distribution of density fluctuations in CDM models with both Gaussian and non--Gaussian initial fluctuations. We show that the method proposed by Coles \& Frenk (1991), which uses the…
We consider distributed estimation of the inverse covariance matrix, also called the concentration or precision matrix, in Gaussian graphical models. Traditional centralized estimation often requires global inference of the covariance…