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We study a distributed estimation problem in which two remotely located parties, Alice and Bob, observe an unlimited number of i.i.d. samples corresponding to two different parts of a random vector. Alice can send $k$ bits on average to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Uri Hadar , Ofer Shayevitz

Let $G_1,\dots, G_n\in \mathbb{F}_p[X_1,\dots,X_m]$ be $n$ polynomials in $m$ variables over the finite field $\mathbb{F}_p$ of $p$ elements. For any sufficiently large prime $p$ and non-trivial bounds for the Weyl sums associated to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Michael Harm

We study the fluctuations in the distribution of zeros of zeta functions of a family of hyperelliptic curves defined over a fixed finite field, in the limit of large genus. According to the Riemann Hypothesis for curves, the zeros all lie…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Dmitry Faifman , Zeev Rudnick

What is the number of rolls of fair 6-sided dice until the first time the total sum of all rolls is a prime? We compute the expectation and the variance of this random variable up to an additive error of less than 10^{-4}. This is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-25 Noga Alon , Yaakov Malinovsky

It has been over 200 years since Gauss's and Legendre's famous priority dispute on who discovered the method of least squares. Nevertheless, we argue that the normal equations are still relevant in many facets of modern statistics,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-01 Jonathan Taylor

We derive a refined conjecture for the variance of Gaussian primes across sectors, with a power saving error term, by applying the L-functions Ratios Conjecture. We observe a bifurcation point in the main term, consistent with the Random…

We use supercharacter theory to study moments of Gaussian periods. For $p-1=dk$ and fixed $k$, we compute the fourth absolute moments for all but finitely many primes $p$. For $d$ fixed, we relate the fourth absolute moments to the number…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-20 Stephan Ramon Garcia , Brian Lorenz , George Todd

The chronicle of prime numbers travel back thousands of years in human history. Not only the traits of prime numbers have surprised people, but also all those endeavors made for ages to find a pattern in the appearance of prime numbers has…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Tashreef Muhammad , G. M. Shahariar , Tahsin Aziz , Mohammad Shafiul Alam

Since the mathematicians of ancient Greece until Fermat, since Gauss until today; the way how the primes along the numerical straight line are distributed has become perhaps the most difficult math problem; many people believe that their…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2013-05-30 Jonas Castillo Toloza

Using Duke's large sieve inequality for Hecke Gr{\"o}ssencharaktere and the new sieve methods of Maynard and Tao, we prove a general result on gaps between primes in the context of multidimensional Hecke equidistribution. As an application,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-13 Jesse Thorner

Consider the integer points lying on the sphere of fixed radius projected onto the unit sphere. Duke showed that, on congruence conditions for the radius squared, these points equidistribute. To further this study of equidistribution, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Christopher Lutsko

We experiment with some topics in elementary number theory. For matrices defined by Gaussian primes we observe a circular spectral law for the eigenvalues. We look at matrices defined by Gaussian primes and look at the growth of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Oliver Knill

The square peg problem asks whether every continuous curve in the plane that starts and ends at the same point without self-intersecting contains four distinct corners of some square. Toeplitz conjectured in 1911 that this is indeed the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-03-25 Wouter van Heijst

We generalize a Theorem of Ricci and count Gaussian primes $\mathfrak{p}$ with short interval restrictions on both the norm and the argument of $\mathfrak{p}$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-26 Joshua Stucky

We construct a point set in the Euclidean plane that elucidates the relationship between the fine-scale statistics of the fractional parts of $\sqrt n$ and directional statistics for a shifted lattice. We show that the randomly rotated, and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Jens Marklof

In offered work short historical excursus to the classical theory of light is presented: Grimaldi, Fermat, Newton, Huygens, Young, Fresnel, Fraunhofer, and Gauss. The ray analog of wave model of light and Huygens-Fresnel's elementary waves…

Optics · Physics 2013-02-27 Alexander V. Yurkin

We consider the ring of invariants of n points on the projective line. The space (P^1)^n // PGL_2 is perhaps the first nontrivial example of a Geometry Invariant Theory quotient. The construction depends on the weighting of the n points.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2009-06-16 Ben Howard , John Millson , Andrew Snowden , Ravi Vakil

Let E be an elliptic curve over the number field Q. In 1988, Koblitz conjectured an asymptotic for the number of primes p for which the cardinality of the group of F_p-points of E is prime. However, the constant occurring in his asymptotic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-30 David Zywina

Girko matrices have independent and identically distributed entries of mean zero and unit variance. In this note, we consider the random matrix model formed by the ratio of two independent Girko matrices, its entries are dependent and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Djalil Chafaï , David García-Zelada , Yuan Yuan Xu

Assuming a uniform $q$-variant of the prime $k$-tuple conjecture, we compute moments of the number of primes in arithmetic progressions to a large modulus $q$ as the residue classes vary. Consequently, depending on the size of $\varphi(q)$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Sun-Kai Leung