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Krylov subspace methods are a ubiquitous tool for computing near-optimal rank $k$ approximations of large matrices. While "large block" Krylov methods with block size at least $k$ give the best known theoretical guarantees, block size one…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Raphael A. Meyer , Cameron Musco , Christopher Musco

The Arnoldi-Tikhonov method is a well-established regularization technique for solving large-scale ill-posed linear inverse problems. This method leverages the Arnoldi decomposition to reduce computational complexity by projecting the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-02 Davide Bianchi , Marco Donatelli , Davide Furchì , Lothar Reichel

Dynamic inverse problems are challenging to solve due to the need to identify and incorporate appropriate regularization in both space and time. Moreover, the very large scale nature of such problems in practice presents an enormous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-23 Toluwani Okunola , Mirjeta Pasha , Misha Kilmer , Melina Freitag

We investigate the regularizing behavior of an iterative Krylov subspace method for the solution of linear inverse problems in precisions lower than double. Recent works have considered the projection of iterated Tikhonov methods using…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Chelsea Drum , James. G. Nagy , Lucas Onisk

We consider the linear least squares problem with linear equality constraints (LSE problem) formulated as $\min_{x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}}\|Ax-b\|_2 \ \mathrm{s.t.} \ Cx = d$. Although there are some classical methods available to solve this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-06 Haibo Li

Visually impaired users face significant challenges in daily information access and real-time environmental perception, and there is an urgent need for intelligent assistive systems with accurate recognition capabilities. Although…

Long Chain-of-Thought (LCoT), achieved by Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), has proven effective in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, reasoning in current LLMs is primarily…

The numerical solution of linear discrete ill-posed problems typically requires regularization, i.e., replacement of the available ill-conditioned problem by a nearby better conditioned one. The most popular regularization methods for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-11 Silvia Noschese , Lothar Reichel

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting enables large language models to solve complex reasoning problems by generating intermediate steps. However, confined by its inherent single-pass and sequential generation process, CoT heavily relies on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Jingyuan Qi , Zhiyang Xu , Ying Shen , Minqian Liu , Di Jin , Qifan Wang , Lifu Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite their remarkable capabilities, rely on singular, pre-dominant reasoning paradigms, hindering their performance on intricate problems that demand diverse cognitive strategies. To address this, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zishan Ahmad , Saisubramaniam Gopalakrishnan

We present PNKH-B, a projected Newton-Krylov method for iteratively solving large-scale optimization problems with bound constraints. PNKH-B is geared toward situations in which function and gradient evaluations are expensive, and the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Kelvin Kan , Samy Wu Fung , Lars Ruthotto

We derive an augmented Krylov subspace method with subspace recycling for computing a sequence of matrix function applications on a set of vectors. The matrix is either fixed or changes as the sequence progresses. We assume consecutive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Liam Burke , Andreas Frommer , Gustavo Ramirez-Hidalgo , Kirk M. Soodhalter

We propose a first-order method to solve the cubic regularization subproblem (CRS) based on a novel reformulation. The reformulation is a constrained convex optimization problem whose feasible region admits an easily computable projection.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Rujun Jiang , Man-Chung Yue , Zhishuo Zhou

Nonlinear optimal control problems are often solved with numerical methods that require knowledge of system's dynamics which may be difficult to infer, and that carry a large computational cost associated with iterative calculations. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Ekaterina Abramova , Luke Dickens , Daniel Kuhn , Aldo Faisal

Among randomized numerical linear algebra strategies, so-called sketching procedures are emerging as effective reduction means to accelerate the computation of Krylov subspace methods for, e.g., the solution of linear systems, eigenvalue…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Davide Palitta , Marcel Schweitzer , Valeria Simoncini

It is a long-standing question to discover causal relations among a set of variables in many empirical sciences. Recently, Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved promising results in causal discovery from observational data. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Xiaoqiang Wang , Yali Du , Shengyu Zhu , Liangjun Ke , Zhitang Chen , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang

We present a novel distributed computing framework that is robust to slow compute nodes, and is capable of both approximate and exact computation of linear operations. The proposed mechanism integrates the concepts of randomized sketching…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Burak Bartan , Mert Pilanci

Iterative hybrid projection methods have proven to be very effective for solving large linear inverse problems due to their inherent regularizing properties as well as the added flexibility to select regularization parameters adaptively. In…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-02 Julianne Chung , Eric de Sturler , Jiahua Jiang

The problem of minimizing a separable convex function under linearly coupled constraints arises from various application domains such as economic systems, distributed control, and network flow. The main challenge for solving this problem is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-05 Qin Fan , Min Xu , Yiming Ying

Krylov subspace methods are considered a standard tool to solve large systems of linear algebraic equations in many scientific disciplines such as image restoration or solving partial differential equations in mechanics of continuum. In the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Vojtěch Kulvait , Georg Rose