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Coronal holes are the observational manifestation of the solar magnetic field open to the heliosphere and are of pivotal importance for our understanding of the origin and acceleration of the solar wind. Observations from space missions…

For almost 20 years the physical nature of globally propagating waves in the solar corona (commonly called "EIT waves") has been controversial and subject to debate. Additional theories have been proposed over the years to explain…

Loop-aligned hydrodynamic modelings help better understand the thermodynamic evolution of flaring plasma confined in solar flare loops. Conventional loop modelings typically assume a uniform loop cross section. With a variation of the cross…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-24 Yu Dai , Shihan Li , Wenlong Tang , Zhen Li , Mingde Ding

Coronal holes (CH) are regions of open magnetic field lines in the solar corona and the source of fast solar wind. Understanding the evolution of coronal holes is critical for solar magnetism as well as for accurate space weather forecasts.…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-05-02 Amr Hamada , Timo Asikainen , Ilpo Virtanen , Kalevi Mursula

Coronal loops reveal crucial information about the nature of both coronal magnetic fields and coronal heating. The shape of the corresponding flux tube cross section and how it varies with position are especially important properties. They…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-31 James A. Klimchuk , Craig E. DeForest

The brightness of the emission from coronal loops in the solar atmosphere is strongly dependent on the temperature and density of the confined plasma. After a release of energy, these loops undergo a heating and upflow phase, followed by a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-20 C. D. Johnston , S. J. Bradshaw

In this study we analyze {\sl Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA)} and Hi-C images in order to investigate absolute limits for the finest loop strands. We develop a model of the occurrence-size distribution function of coronal loop widths,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-26 Markus J. Aschwanden , Hard Peter

We developed an automated pattern recognition code that is particularly well suited to extract one-dimensional curvi-linear features from two-dimensional digital images. A former version of this {\sl Oriented Coronal CUrved Loop Tracing…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-05 Markus J. Aschwanden , Bart De Pontieu , Eugene A. Katrukha

Previous work utilising NASA's High-resolution Coronal Imager (Hi-C 2.1) 17.2 nm observations revealed that, even at the increased spatial scales available in the data-set, there may be evidence for coronal structures that are still not…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 Thomas Williams , Robert W. Walsh , Hardi Peter , Amy R. Winebarger

We consider the problem of automatically (and robustly) isolating and extracting information about waves and oscillations observed in EUV image sequences of the solar corona with a view to near real-time application to data from the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Scott W. McIntosh , Bart De Pontieu , Steven Tomczyk

Thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is believed to be a potentially important process in understanding some properties of the magnetically closed solar corona. Through one-dimensional hydrodynamic models, this paper addresses the importance of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 C. D. Johnston , P. J. Cargill , P. Antolin , A. W. Hood , I. De Moortel , S. J. Bradshaw

The heating of the outer solar atmospheric layers, i.e., the transition region and corona, to high temperatures is a long standing problem in solar (and stellar) physics. Solutions have been hampered by an incomplete understanding of the…

Coronal holes (CH) emit significantly less at coronal temperatures than quiet-Sun regions (QS), but can hardly be distinguished in most chromospheric and lower transition region lines. A key quantity for the understanding of this phenomenon…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 T. Wiegelmann , S. K. Solanki

The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) has been taking images of the Solar disk and corona in four narrow EUV bandpasses (171\AA, 195\AA, 284\AA, and 304\AA) at a minimum cadence of once…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Emily Sandford , Frédéric Auchère , Annelies Mortier , Laura A. Hayes , Daniel Müller

Thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is a phenomenon that can occur in solar coronal loops when the heating is quasi-constant and highly-stratified. Under such heating conditions, coronal loops undergo cycles of evaporation and condensation. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 C. Froment , P. Antolin , V. M. J. Henriques , P. Kohutova , L. H. M. Rouppe van der Voort

We have compiled a catalog of solar flares as observed by the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) aboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft and the GOES spacecraft over a span from 1997 to 2010. During…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-05 Sumanth A. Rotti , Petrus C. H. Martens , Berkay Aydin

We will use new data from the High-resolution Coronal Imager (Hi-C) with unprecedented spatial resolution of the solar corona to investigate the structure of coronal loops down to 0.2 arcsec. During a rocket flight Hi-C provided images of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 H. Peter , S. Bingert , J. A. Klimchuk , C. de Forest , J. W. Cirtain , L. Golub , A. R. Winebarger , K. Kobayashi , K. E. Korreck

We test the feasibility of 3D coronal-loop tracing in stereoscopic EUV image pairs, with the ultimate goal of enabling efficient 3D reconstruction of the coronal magnetic field that drives flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-04 Markus J. Aschwanden , Carolus J. Schrijver , Anna Malanushenko

The driving and excitation mechanisms of decay-less kink oscillations in coronal loops remain under debate. We aim to quantify and provide simple observational constraints on the photospheric driving of oscillating coronal loops in a few…

Context. Coronal loops are the basic building blocks of the solar corona, which are related to the mass supply and heating of solar plasmas in the corona. However, their fundamental magnetic structures are still not well understood. Most…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Dong Li , Ding Yuan , Marcel Goossens , Tom Van Doorsselaere , Wei Su , Ya Wang , Yang Su , Zongjun Ning