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We address parameter estimation in two-level systems exhibiting level anti-crossing and prove that universally optimal strategies for parameter estimation may be designed, that is, we may find a parameter independent measurement scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 Luca Ghirardi , Ilaria Siloi , Paolo Bordone , Filippo Troiani , Matteo G. A. Paris

Quantum metrology stands as a leading application of quantum science and technology, yet noise often constrains its precision and sensitivity. In near-term quantum metrology, existing protocols largely depend on virtual state purification,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Xiaodie Lin , Haidong Yuan

The usual conjectures of quantum measurements approaches, inspired from the traditional interpretation of Heisenberg's ("uncertainty") relations, are proved as being incorrect. A group of reconsidered conjectures and a corresponding new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Spiridon Dumitru

This paper is an algorithmic study of quantum phase estimation with multiple eigenvalues. We present robust multiple-phase estimation (RMPE) algorithms with Heisenberg-limited scaling. The proposed algorithms improve significantly from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-26 Haoya Li , Hongkang Ni , Lexing Ying

Nonlinear interactions are recognized as potential resources for quantum metrology, facilitating parameter estimation precisions that scale as the exponential Heisenberg limit of $2^{-N}$. We explore such nonlinearity and propose an…

The energy-time uncertainty relation puts a fundamental limit on the precision of radars and lidars for the estimation of range and velocity. The precision in the estimation of the range (through the time of arrival) and the velocity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-14 Zixin Huang , Cosmo Lupo , Pieter Kok

We describe a measure quantization procedure i.e., an algorithm which finds the best approximation of a target probability law (and more generally signed finite variation measure) by a sum of $Q$ Dirac masses ($Q$ being the quantization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-26 Gabriel Turinici

Quantum-enhanced metrology infers an unknown quantity with accuracy beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL). Feedback-based metrological techniques are promising for beating the SQL but devising the feedback procedures is difficult and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Alexander Hentschel , Barry C. Sanders

We consider parameter estimations with probes being the boundary driven/dissipated non- equilibrium steady states of XXZ spin 1/2 chains. The parameters to be estimated are the dissipation coupling and the anisotropy of the spin-spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-22 Ugo Marzolino , Tomaž Prosen

Fragile quantum features such as entanglement are employed to improve the precision of parameter estimation and as a consequence the quantum gain becomes vulnerable to noise. As an established tool to subdue noise, quantum error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-09 Xiao-Ming Lu , Sixia Yu , C. H. Oh

Bayesian estimation is a powerful theoretical paradigm for the operation of quantum sensors. However, the Bayesian method for statistical inference generally suffers from demanding calibration requirements that have so far restricted its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-22 Samuel P. Nolan , Augusto Smerzi , Luca Pezzè

Maximizing the precision in estimating parameters in a quantum system subject to instrumentation constraints is cast as a convex optimization problem. We account for prior knowledge about the parameter range by developing a worst-case and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-01 Robert L. Kosut

Quantum effects like entanglement and coherent amplification can be used to drastically enhance the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation beyond classical limits. However, challenges such as decoherence and time-dependent errors hinder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Yulong Dong , Jonathan A. Gross , Murphy Yuezhen Niu

Understanding the fundamental limits on the precision to which an optical phase can be estimated is of key interest for many investigative techniques utilized across science and technology. We study the estimation of a fixed optical phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Patrick M. Birchall , Jeremy L. O'Brien , Jonathan C. F. Matthews , Hugo Cable

So far, there have been plenty of literatures on the metric in the space of probability distributions and quantum states. As for channels, however, only a little had been known. In this paper, we impose monotonicity by concatenation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-03 Keiji Matsumoto

Quantum computers have shown promise in improving algorithms in a variety of fields. The realization of these advancements is limited by the presence of noise and high error rates, which become prominent especially with increasing system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Melody Lee

Relativistic quantum metrology provides an optimal strategy for the estimation of parameters encoded in quantum fields in flat and curved spacetime. These parameters usually correspond to physical quantities of interest such as proper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-25 Dominik Šafránek , Jan Kohlrus , David Edward Bruschi , Antony R. Lee , Ivette Fuentes

An important step in building a quantum computer is calibrating experimentally implemented quantum gates to produce operations that are close to ideal unitaries. The calibration step involves estimating the systematic errors in gates and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Shelby Kimmel , Guang Hao Low , Theodore J. Yoder

The precision of quantum metrology is widely believed to be restricted by the Heisenberg limit, corresponding to a root mean square error that is inversely proportional to the number of independent processes probed in an experiment, N. In…

Many results in the quantum metrology literature use the Cram\'er-Rao bound and the Fisher information to compare different quantum estimation strategies. However, there are several assumptions that go into the construction of these tools,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 Jesús Rubio , Paul Knott , Jacob Dunningham