Related papers: Remote sensing of cloud base charge
We have made the first observation of a charged particle beam by means of its electro-optical effect on the polarization of laser light in a birefringent crystal. The modulation of the laser light during the passage of a pulsed electron…
Analyses of measurements of the distribution of absolute brightness temperature over the radio sky have led recently to suggestions that there exists a substantial unexplained extragalactic radio background. Consequently, there have been…
We have investigated how varying several parameters affects the results of a collision between an extragalactic jet and a dense, intergalactic cloud, through a series of hydrodynamic simulations. We have produced synthetic radio images for…
Neutral hydrogen clouds with high column density detected towards distant quasars are unique probes of elemental nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution in the low metallicity regime. They provide measurements for several elements at very…
The crucial part of electromagnetic phenomena in many atmospheric processes is verified by systematized data. The multilayered charged system of clouds represents some dynamically equilibrium structure kept by the ionic and polarization…
Below the knee in the cosmic ray spectrum, balloon and spacecraft experiments offer the capability of direct composition and energy measurements on the primary particles. A major difficulty is obtaining enough exposure to extend the range…
Depending on the recent experiments and some new way of explaining electron we have developed here equations for velocities of different mode with the charge density. This includes as well how the charge-density can be distributed in the…
Beam loading is the phenomenon which limits the charge and the beam quality in plasma based accelerators. An experimental study conducted with a laser-plasma accelerator is presented. Beam loading manifests itself through the decrease of…
The emergence of connected vehicles is driven by increasing customer and regulatory demands. To meet these, more complex software applications, some of which require service-based cloud and edge backends, are developed. When new software is…
Meteorite craters on the asteroid surface obstruct the horizontal flow of solar wind, forming a plasma wake that modulates the particle fluxes and the electrostatic environment far downstream. In this study, surface charging properties of…
Trace charge imbalances can explain puzzling cosmological observations such as the large `missing' fraction of electrons in cosmic rays and their contrast to the charge-neutral solar wind, the extreme energy sources that sustain pulsars,…
The Galactic diffuse soft gamma-ray (30-800 keV) emission has been measured from the Galactic Center by the HIREGS balloon-borne germanium spectrometer to determine the spectral characteristics and origin of the emission. The resulting…
Scattering processes in the atmospheres of planets cause characteristic features that can be particularly well observed in polarisation. For planet Earth, both molecular and scattering by small particles imprint specific signatures in its…
Charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are widely used in astronomy to carry out a variety of measurements, such as for flux or shape of astrophysical objects. The data reduction procedures almost always assume that ther esponse of a given pixel to…
Charged dust particles form structures which are extended in the vertical direction in the electrode sheath of a rf discharge when confined within a glass box. The charge on each particle as a function of height varies due to the changing…
Solar wind charge-state measurements contain a wealth of knowledge related to the properties of the solar corona from where they originated. However, their interpretation has remained challenging because it convolves coronal temperature,…
Numerous sources produce the ionization impact on the planetary atmosphere. The tropospheric cloudiness therewith is originated at such altitudes, which coincide with places of the maximum of the atmospheric ionization that caused by space…
The purpose of this project is to investigate the use of charge couple devices (CCDs) to detect electrons directly. This can be done in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for electrons over 100 KeV, but for space plasma instruments,…
The maximum measured electric fields in thunderclouds are an order of magnitude less than the fields required for electric breakdown of the air. One explanation for lightning initiation in these low fields is that electric breakdown first…
It has been proposed that galactic cosmic rays may influence the Earth's climate by affecting cloud formation. If changes in cloudiness play a part in climate change, their effect changes sign in Antarctica. Satellite data from the Earth…