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Point clouds produced by 3D scanning are often sparse, non-uniform, and noisy. Recent upsampling approaches aim to generate a dense point set, while achieving both distribution uniformity and proximity-to-surface, and possibly amending…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Ruihui Li , Xianzhi Li , Pheng-Ann Heng , Chi-Wing Fu

Thin film systems are often analysed by using sputter depth profiling. First the sample gets eroded by inert gas ion impact during sputter depth profiling. Then the elemental composition of the freshly unveiled surface is determined by…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-11-28 Uwe Scheithauer

To accelerate deep CNN models, this paper proposes a novel spatially adaptive framework that can dynamically generate pixel-wise sparsity according to the input image. The sparse scheme is pixel-wise refined, regional adaptive under a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Chen Tang , Wenyu Sun , Zhuqing Yuan , Yongpan Liu

Spectral clustering is a popular method for effectively clustering nonlinearly separable data. However, computational limitations, memory requirements, and the inability to perform incremental learning challenge its widespread application.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Jo-Chun Chen , Hung-Hsuan Chen

The fitting of spectral lines is a common step in the analysis of line observations and simulations. However, the observational noise, the presence of multiple velocity components, and potentially large data sets make it a non-trivial task.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-08 Mika Juvela , Devika Tharakkal

Kernel density estimation and kernel regression are powerful but computationally expensive techniques: a direct evaluation of kernel density estimates at $M$ evaluation points given $N$ input sample points requires a quadratic…

Computation · Statistics 2020-02-18 Nicolas Langrené , Xavier Warin

Remote sensing images are useful for a wide variety of planet monitoring applications, from tracking deforestation to tackling illegal fishing. The Earth is extremely diverse -- the amount of potential tasks in remote sensing images is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Favyen Bastani , Piper Wolters , Ritwik Gupta , Joe Ferdinando , Aniruddha Kembhavi

Pyserini is an easy-to-use Python toolkit that supports replicable IR research by providing effective first-stage retrieval in a multi-stage ranking architecture. Our toolkit is self-contained as a standard Python package and comes with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Jimmy Lin , Xueguang Ma , Sheng-Chieh Lin , Jheng-Hong Yang , Ronak Pradeep , Rodrigo Nogueira

Spectropolarimetry is a powerful technique for remote sensing of the environment. It enables the retrieval of particle shape and size distributions in air and water to an extent that traditional spectroscopy cannot. SPEX is an instrument…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-06-03 Olivier Burggraaff , Armand B. Perduijn , Robert F. van Hek , Norbert Schmidt , Christoph U. Keller , Frans Snik

Obtaining conductance spectra for a concentration of disordered impurities distributed over a nanoscale device with sensing capabilities is a well-defined problem. However, to do this inversely, i.e., extracting information about the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 S. Mukim , J. O'Brien , M. Abarashi , M. S. Ferreira , C. G. Rocha

The spectral gradient method is known to be a powerful low-cost tool for solving large-scale optimization problems. In this paper, our goal is to exploit its advantages in the stochastic optimization framework, especially in the case of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Stefania Bellavia , Nataša Krejić , Nataša Krklec Jerinkić , Marcos Raydan

Spectral unmixing aims at recovering the spectral signatures of materials, called endmembers, mixed in a hyperspectral or multispectral image, along with their abundances. A typical assumption is that the image contains one pure pixel per…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-22 Jeremy E. Cohen , Nicolas Gillis

Accurate spatio-temporal and spatio-spectral metrology is critical to the characterization and use of ultra-short, high-power lasers. The emergence of few cycle pulses, with bandwidths of tens or hundreds of nanometers, poses a significant…

There exist many scenarios where pixel information is available only on a non-regular subset of pixel positions. For further processing, however, it is required to reconstruct such images on a regular grid. Besides many other algorithms,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-08 Markus Jonscher , Jürgen Seiler , André Kaup

Time series, spatial data, and images are natural applications of Neural Processes. However, when such data exhibit strong periodicity and quasi-periodicity, existing methods often suffer from underfitting and generalise poorly beyond the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xianhe Chen , Hao Chen , Yingzhen Li

The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) technique is widely used to determine site fundamental periods from ambient noise recordings, but relating the observed peak to a specific impedance contrast within layered soils remains…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-09-30 Mersad Fathizadeh , Clinton M. Wood , Hosna Kianfar

In this paper, we propose a convex optimization-based estimation of sparse and smooth power spectral densities (PSDs) of complex-valued random processes from mixtures of realizations. While the PSDs are related to the magnitude of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-23 Hiroki Kuroda , Daichi Kitahara , Eiichi Yoshikawa , Hiroshi Kikuchi , Tomoo Ushio

In frequency domain analysis for spatial data, spectral averages based on the periodogram often play an important role in understanding spatial covariance structure, but also have complicated sampling distributions due to complex variances…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Souvick Bera , Daniel J. Nordman , Soutir Bandyopadhyay

I present here PowerSpectR, an R package for computing and visualizing median-based radial Fourier power spectra from imaging data. Power spectra provide a representation of spatial structure by decomposing contributions across spatial…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-10 Rafael S. de Souza

In this work, we analyze modulated sampling schemes, such as the Nyquist Folding Receiver, which are highly efficient, readily implementable, non-uniform sampling schemes that allows for the blind estimation of a narrow-band signal's…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-08-01 Ray Maleh , Gerald L. Fudge
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