Related papers: Diophantine equations in separated variables and l…

A new interpretation and applications of the ``Diophantine'' and factorisation properties of {\em finite} orthogonal polynomials in the Askey scheme are explored. The corresponding twelve polynomials are the ($q$-)Racah, (dual, $q$-)Hahn,…

We formalise the undecidability of solvability of Diophantine equations, i.e. polynomial equations over natural numbers, in Coq's constructive type theory. To do so, we give the first full mechanisation of the…

Given a semigroup $S$ generated by its squares, we determine the complex-valued solutions of the following system of cosine-sine functional equations \begin{align*} f(xy)=f(x)g_{1}(y)+g_{1}(x)f(y)+\lambda_{1}^{2}\,h(x)h(y),\; x,y\in S,\\…

In this paper we provide criteria for the insolvability of the Diophantine equation $x^2+D=y^n$. This result is then used to determine the class number of the quadratic field $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-D})$. We also determine some criteria for the…

Let $S$ be a rational fraction and let $f$ be a polynomial over a finite field. Consider the transform $T(f)=\operatorname{numerator}(f(S))$. In certain cases, the polynomials $f$, $T(f)$, $T(T(f))\dots$ are all irreducible. For instance,…

In this paper we consider the Diophantine equation $x^2+q^{2m}=2y^p$ where $m,p,q,x,y$ are integer unknowns with $m>0,$ $p$ and $q$ are odd primes and $\gcd(x,y)=1.$ We prove that there are only finitely many solutions $(m,p,q,x,y)$ for…

The paper shows that the asymptotic density of solutions of Diophantine equations or systems of the natural numbers is 0. The author provides estimation methods and estimates number, density and probability of k- tuples $<x_1,...x_k>$ to be…

Let $S$ be a semigroup. Our main results is that we describe the complex-valued solutions of the following functional equations \[g(x\sigma (y)) = g(x)g(y)+f(x)f(y),\ x,y\in S,\] \[f(x\sigma (y)) = f(x)g(y)+f(y)g(x),\ x,y\in S,\] and…

We prove that the number of geometrically indecomposable representations of fixed dimension vector d of a canonical algebra C defined over a finite field Fq is given by a polynomial in q (depending on C and d). We prove a similar result for…

The number of solutions of the diophantine equation $\sum_{i=1}^k \frac{1}{x_i}=1,$ in particular when the $x_i$ are distinct odd positive integers is investigated. The number of solutions $S(k)$ in this case is, for odd $k$: \[\exp \left(…

The paper deals with a class of cooperative functional differential equations (FDEs) with infinite delay, for which sufficient conditions for persistence and permanence are established. Here, the persistence refers to all solutions with…

In this paper we consider the Diophantine equation $ V_n - b^m = c $ for given integers $ b,c $ with $ b \geq 2 $, whereas $ V_n $ varies among Lucas-Lehmer sequences of the second kind. We prove under some technical conditions that if the…

Let a polynomial $f \in \mathbb{Z}[X_1,\ldots,X_n]$ be given. The square sieve can provide an upper bound for the number of integral $\mathbf{x} \in [-B,B]^n$ such that $f(\mathbf{x})$ is a perfect square. Recently this has been generalized…

Assuming Schanuel's conjecture, we prove that any polynomial exponential equation in one variable must have a solution that is transcendental over a given finitely generated field. With the help of some recent results in Diophantine…

In this paper, we mainly answer a Lampe's question\cite{lampe} about the solutions of a Diophantine equation, that is, we give a criterion to determine which solutions of the Diophantine equation are in the orbit of the initial solution…

We establish an explicit asymptotic formula for the number of rational solutions of intrinsic Diophantine inequalities on simply-connected simple algebraic groups, at arbitrarily small scales.

An asymptotic formula which holds almost everywhere is obtained for the number of solutions to the Diophantine inequalities |qA-p|<\psi(|q|), where A is an n by m matrix (m>1) over the field of formal Laurent series with coefficients from a…

New formulae are presented for the number $P(b)$ of non-negative integer solutions of a Diophantine equation $\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_ix_i=b$ and for the number $Q(b)$ of non-negative integer solutions of the Diophantine inequality…

We reduce the principal problem of Additive Number Theory of whether an infinite sequence of integers constitutes a finite basis for the integers to a Diophantine problem involving the difference set of the sequence, by proving a formula…

Let $F \in \mathbb Z[x, y]$ be an irreducible binary form of degree $d \geq 7$ and content one. Let $\alpha$ be a root of $F(x, 1)$ and assume that the field extension $\mathbb Q(\alpha)/\mathbb Q$ is Galois. We prove that, for every…