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We study the problem of allocating a finite estate among agents whose total claims exceed the available resources, a standard framework in the theory of claims problems. Two canonical rules embody competing fairness ideals: the Proportional…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-27 Anisha Bandyopadhyay , Sinan Ertemel , Rajnish Kumar , Saptarshi Mukherjee

We revisit the setting of fair allocation of indivisible items among agents with heterogeneous, non-monotone valuations. We explore the existence and efficient computation of allocations that approximately satisfy either envy-freeness or…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Vittorio Bilò , Martin Loebl , Cosimo Vinci

Equitability is a fundamental notion in fair division which requires that all agents derive equal value from their allocated bundles. We study, for general (possibly non-monotone) valuations, a popular relaxation of equitability known as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hadi Hosseini , Vishwa Prakash HV , Aditi Sethia , Jatin Yadav

We consider allocating indivisible goods with provable fairness guarantees that are satisfied regardless of which bundle of items each agent receives. Symmetrical allocations of this type are known to exist for divisible resources, such as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Connor Johnston , Aleksandr M. Kazachkov

The problem of allocating indivisible resources to agents arises in a wide range of domains, including treatment distribution and social support programs. An important goal in algorithm design for this problem is fairness, where the focus…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Niclas Boehmer , Luca Kreisel

We prove the existence of a competitive equilibrium in a production economy with infinitely many commodities and a measure space of agents whose preferences are price dependent. We employ a saturated measure space for the set of agents and…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-02-06 Hyo Seok Jang , Sangjik Lee

Computing market equilibria is a problem of both theoretical and applied interest. Much research to date focuses on the case of static Fisher markets with full information on buyers' utility functions and item supplies. Motivated by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Yuan Gao , Christian Kroer , Alex Peysakhovich

Envy-freeness up to any good (EFX) provides a strong and intuitive guarantee of fairness in the allocation of indivisible goods. But whether such allocations always exist or whether they can be efficiently computed remains an important open…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Hadi Hosseini , Sujoy Sikdar , Rohit Vaish , Lirong Xia

We study the problem of fair division when the resources contain both divisible and indivisible goods. Classic fairness notions such as envy-freeness (EF) and envy-freeness up to one good (EF1) cannot be directly applied to the mixed goods…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Xiaohui Bei , Zihao Li , Jinyan Liu , Shengxin Liu , Xinhang Lu

We study the problem of allocating indivisible goods among agents with additive valuation functions to achieve both fairness and efficiency under the constraint that each agent receives exactly the same number of goods (the \emph{balanced…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yasushi Kawase , Ryoga Mahara

We study the problem of fair allocation of chores to agents with additive preferences. In the discrete setting, envy-freeness up to any chore (EFX) has emerged as a compelling fairness criterion. However, establishing its (non-)existence or…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Jugal Garg , Aniket Murhekar , John Qin

We study fair division of divisible goods under generalized assignment constraints. Here, each good has an agent-specific value and size, and every agent has a budget constraint that limits the total size of the goods she can receive. Since…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Siddharth Barman , Ioannis Caragiannis , Sudarshan Shyam

We consider the problem of fair allocation of indivisible items to agents that have arbitrary entitlements to the items. Every agent $i$ has a valuation function $v_i$ and an entitlement $b_i$, where entitlements sum up to~1. Which…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Moshe Babaioff , Uriel Feige

Fair allocation has been studied intensively in both economics and computer science, and fair sharing of resources has aroused renewed interest with the advent of virtualization and cloud computing. Prior work has typically focused on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-06-15 Danny Dolev , Dror G. Feitelson , Joseph Y. Halpern , Raz Kupferman , Nati Linial

In various markets where sellers compete in price, price oscillations are observed rather than convergence to equilibrium. Such fluctuations have been empirically observed in the retail market for gasoline, in airline pricing and in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Moshe Babaioff , Renato Paes Leme , Balasubramanian Sivan

The excessive compensation packages of CEOs of U.S. corporations in recent years have brought to the foreground the issue of fairness in economics. The conventional wisdom is that the free market for labor, which determines the pay…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2010-06-24 Venkat Venkatasubramanian

In fair division of indivisible goods, using sequences of sincere choices (or picking sequences) is a natural way to allocate the objects. The idea is the following: at each stage, a designated agent picks one object among those that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-07 Sylvain Bouveret , Michel Lemaître

We study the problem of distributing a set of indivisible items among agents with additive valuations in a $\mathit{fair}$ manner. The fairness notion under consideration is Envy-freeness up to any item (EFX). Despite significant efforts by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Bhaskar Ray Chaudhury , Jugal Garg , Kurt Mehlhorn

We study the efficiency of fair allocations using the well-studied price of fairness concept, which quantitatively measures the worst-case efficiency loss when imposing fairness constraints. Previous works provided partial results on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Zihao Li , Shengxin Liu , Xinhang Lu , Biaoshuai Tao , Yichen Tao

In this paper, we study the classic problem of fairly allocating indivisible items with the extra feature that the items lie on a line. Our goal is to find a fair allocation that is contiguous, meaning that the bundle of each agent forms a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Warut Suksompong