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The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem and its descendants represent a class of powerful no-go theorems that rule out any short-range-entangled (SRE) symmetric ground state irrespective of the specific Hamiltonian, based only on certain…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-09-26 Yuan-Ming Lu

We propose and prove a family of generalized Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorems for symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases on boson/spin models in any dimensions. The "conventional" LSM theorem, applicable to e.g. any translation…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-08-11 Shenghan Jiang , Meng Cheng , Yang Qi , Yuan-Ming Lu

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem dictates that a trivial symmetric insulator in lattice models is prohibited if lattice translation symmetry and $U(1)$ charge conservation are both preserved. In this paper, we generalize the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-22 Ryohei Kobayashi , Ken Shiozaki , Yuta Kikuchi , Shinsei Ryu

Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) anomalies are powerful symmetry-based constraints on the correlation, entanglement and dynamics of quantum many-body systems. In this review, we discuss various LSM anomalies and anomaly matching. We start with a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-30 Liujun Zou , Meng Cheng

Symmetry provides powerful non-perturbative constraints in quantum many-body systems. A prominent example is the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) anomaly -- a mixed 't Hooft anomaly between internal and translational symmetries that forbids a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-26 Tsubasa Oishi , Takuma Saito , Hiromi Ebisu

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem states that a spin system with translation and spin rotation symmetry and half-integer spin per unit cell does not admit a gapped symmetric ground state lacking fractionalized excitations. That is, the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-06-30 Dominic V. Else , Ryan Thorngren

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem and its higher-dimensional generalizations by Oshikawa and Hastings establish that a translation-invariant lattice model of spin-$1/2$'s can not have a non-degenerate ground state preserving both spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-02-27 Meng Cheng

Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorems impose non-perturbative constraints on the zero-temperature phase diagrams of quantum lattice Hamiltonians (always assumed to be local in this paper). LSM theorems have recently been interpreted as the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-29 Ömer M. Aksoy , Christopher Mudry , Akira Furusaki , Apoorv Tiwari

Following recent developments in the classification of bosonic short-range entangled phases, we examine many-body quantum systems whose ground state fractionalization obeys the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem. We generalize the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-11-10 Hank Chen

We consider 2+1D lattice models of interacting bosons or spins, with both magnetic flux and fractional spin in the unit cell. We propose and prove a modified Lieb-Shultz Mattis (LSM) theorem in this setting, which applies even when the spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-09-19 Xu Yang , Shenghan Jiang , Ashvin Vishwanath , Ying Ran

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem and its descendants impose strong constraints on the low-energy behavior of interacting quantum systems. In this paper, we formulate LSM-type constraints for lattice translation invariant systems with…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-05-05 Huan He , Yizhi You , Abhinav Prem

It is well known that theorems of Lieb-Schultz-Mattis type prohibit the existence of a trivial symmetric gapped ground state in certain systems possessing a combination of internal and lattice symmetries. In the continuum description of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-08-29 Max A. Metlitski , Ryan Thorngren

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem and its generalizations forbids the existence of a unique gapped ground state in the presence of certain lattice and internal symmetries and thus imposes powerful constraints on the low energy…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-03-10 Abhishodh Prakash

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem and its higher-dimensional extensions forbid the existence of a unique, symmetric, and gapped ground state at fractional fillings in quantum many-body systems with a conserved particle number (or spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-18 G. Shankar , Joseph Maciejko

We construct a $\mathbb{Z}_2 \times \mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory coupled to matter on a one-dimensional chain, aiming to study the ground-state physics in the Gauss law subspace. We show that the theory in the Gauss law subspace has a U$(1)$…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-19 Bhandaru Phani Parasar

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorem and its extensions forbid trivial phases from arising in certain quantum magnets. Constraining infrared behavior with the ultraviolet data encoded in the microscopic lattice of spins, these theorems tie…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-09-26 Hoi Chun Po , Haruki Watanabe , Chao-Ming Jian , Michael P. Zaletel

The Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem and its higher dimensional generalizations by Oshikawa and Hastings require that translationally invariant 2D spin systems with a half-integer spin per unit cell must either have a continuum of low energy…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-07-26 Meng Cheng , Michael Zaletel , Maissam Barkeshli , Ashvin Vishwanath , Parsa Bonderson

We construct a family of lattice models which possess subsystem non-invertible symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order and analyze their interface modes protected by the symmetry, whose codimension turns out to be more than one. We also…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-21 Yuki Furukawa

We introduce stratified symmetry operators and stratified anomalies in quantum lattice systems as generalizations of onsite symmetry operators and onsite projective representations. A stratified symmetry operator is a symmetry operator that…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-02-13 Salvatore D. Pace , Daniel Bulmash

We study 't Hooft anomalies of global symmetries in 1+1d lattice Hamiltonian systems. We consider anomalies in internal and lattice translation symmetries. We derive a microscopic formula for the "anomaly cocycle" using topological defects…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-04-10 Sahand Seifnashri
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