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Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) prescribes how to maximise the return of an asset portfolio for a given level of risk. The optimal trade-off between return and variance defines the efficient frontier. Whether actual cryptoasset portfolios…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ivan Vynyavskyy , Stefan Kitzler , Bernhard Haslhofer , Aviv Yaish

The standard approach for constructing a Mean-Variance portfolio involves estimating parameters for the model using collected samples. However, since the distribution of future data may not resemble that of the training set, the…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-12 Duy Khanh Lam

Traditional Markowitz portfolio optimization constrains daily portfolio variance to a target value, optimising returns, Sharpe or variance within this constraint. However, this approach overlooks the relationship between variance at…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-11-22 Revant Nayar , Raphael Douady

Recognizing that asset markets generally exhibit shared informational characteristics, we develop a portfolio strategy based on transfer learning that leverages cross-market information to enhance the investment performance in the market of…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-27 Kexin Wang , Xiaomeng Zhang , Xinyu Zhang

The time dependence of the recently introduced minimum spanning tree description of correlations between stocks, called the ``asset tree'' have been studied to reflect the economic taxonomy. The nodes of the tree are identified with stocks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. -P. Onnela , A. Chakraborti , K. Kaski , J. Kertesz , A. Kanto

Traditional portfolio management methods can incorporate specific investor preferences but rely on accurate forecasts of asset returns and covariances. Reinforcement learning (RL) methods do not rely on these explicit forecasts and are…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-03-23 Ruan Pretorius , Terence van Zyl

Given two random realized returns on an investment, which is to be preferred? This is a fundamental problem in finance that has no definitive solution except in the case one investment always returns more than the other. In 1952 Markowitz…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-24 Keith A. Lewis

The potential benefits of portfolio diversification have been known to investors for a long time. Markowitz (1952) suggested the seminal approach for optimizing the portfolio problem based on finding the weights as budget shares that…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2019-03-05 Abdulnasser Hatemi-J , Mohamed Ali Hajji , Youssef El-Khatib

The variance measures the portfolio risks the investors are taking. The investor, who holds his portfolio and doesn't trade his shares, at the current time can use the time series of the market trades that were made during the averaging…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-08 Victor Olkhov

We present the unified market-based description of returns and variances of the trades with shares of a particular security, of the trades with shares of all securities in the market, and of the trades with the market portfolio. We consider…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-16 Victor Olkhov

Protecting against cyber-threats is vital for every organization and can be done by investing in cybersecurity controls and purchasing cyber insurance. However, these are interlinked since insurance premiums could be reduced by investing…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-02 Chaitanya Joshi , Jinming Yang , Sergeja Slapnicar , Ryan K L Ko

We propose to solve large scale Markowitz mean-variance (MV) portfolio allocation problem using reinforcement learning (RL). By adopting the recently developed continuous-time exploratory control framework, we formulate the exploratory MV…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-08-05 Haoran Wang

Turnpike theorems state that if an investor's utility is asymptotically equivalent to a power utility, then the optimal investment strategy converges to the CRRA strategy as the investment horizon tends to infinity. This paper aims to…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-02 Hiroki Yamamichi

We consider an investor facing a classical portfolio problem of optimal investment in a log-Brownian stock and a fixed-interest bond, but constrained to choose portfolio and consumption strategies that reduce a dynamic shortfall risk…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2017-08-04 Imke Redeker , Ralf Wunderlich

Cryptocurrencies (CCs) have risen rapidly in market capitalization over the last years. Despite striking price volatility, their high average returns have drawn attention to CCs as alternative investment assets for portfolio and risk…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-18 Alla Petukhina , Simon Trimborn , Wolfgang Karl Härdle , Hermann Elendner

In online portfolio optimization the investor makes decisions based on new, continuously incoming information on financial assets (typically their prices). In our study we consider a learning algorithm, namely the Kiefer--Wolfowitz version…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-07-05 Zsolt Nika , Miklós Rásonyi

In a reinforcement learning (RL) framework, we study the exploratory version of the continuous time expected utility (EU) maximization problem with a portfolio constraint that includes widely-used financial regulations such as short-selling…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-12-17 Huy Chau , Duy Nguyen , Thai Nguyen

Modeling and managing portfolio risk is perhaps the most important step to achieve growing and preserving investment performance. Within the modern portfolio construction framework that built on Markowitz's theory, the covariance matrix of…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-10-28 Hengxu Lin , Dong Zhou , Weiqing Liu , Jiang Bian

As the cornerstone of modern portfolio theory, Markowitz's mean-variance optimization is considered a major model adopted in portfolio management. However, due to the difficulty of estimating its parameters, it cannot be applied to all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Mengying Zhu , Xiaolin Zheng , Yan Wang , Yuyuan Li , Qianqiao Liang

In this work, we study a dynamic portfolio optimization problem related to pairs trading, which is an investment strategy that matches a long position in one security with a short position in another security with similar characteristics.…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-10-24 Sühan Altay , Katia Colaneri , Zehra Eksi