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Background fields of electromagnetic and gravitational type emerge in the low kinetic energy limit of any regular Lagrangian system and, in particular, in the corresponding limit of any spacetime theory in which the free motion of test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-14 Paolo Maraner

A scheme is developed which enables one to trace backwards in time the cosmic density and velocity fields, and to determine accurately the current-epoch velocity field from the current-epoch density field, or vice versa. The scheme…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Mikel Susperregi , James Binney

This work is an analytical calculation of the path probability for random dynamics of mechanical system described by Langevin equation with Gaussian noise. The result shows an exponential dependence of the probability on the action. In the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-10-27 Aziz El Kaabouchi , Qiuping A. Wang

The action of certain static magnetic fields on charged test particles is interpreted as a consequence of the interaction of the particles with electric dipole distributions emitted by other charged particles in relative motion. The dipole…

General Physics · Physics 2016-10-21 Bhola N. Dwivedi , Horst Wilhelm , Klaus Wilhelm

Minimizing the Action integral of a Lagrangian provides the Euler-Lagrange equation of motion in the elegant machinery of Lagrangian Mechanics. However two relations define the divergence of current and energy-momentum, and provide an…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Clinton L Lewis

Two well-known conceptual conundrums of quantum mechanics referred to as instantaneous action-at-a-distance and inseparable wave-particle character are tackled using the principle of least action. Since any measurement is an action, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-03 Arto Annila , Tarja Kallio-Tamminen

We review the development and practical uses of a generalized Maupertuis least action principle in classical mechanics, in which the action is varied under the constraint of fixed mean energy for the trial trajectory. The original…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 C. G. Gray , G. Karl , V. A. Novikov

In the present work we redefine and generalize the action principle for dissipative systems proposed by Riewe by fixing the mathematical inconsistencies present in the original approach. In order to formulate a quadratic Lagrangian for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-12-17 Matheus J. Lazo , Cesar E. Krumreich

This paper provides a new admissibility criterion for choosing physically relevant weak solutions of the equations of Lagrangian and continuum mechanics when non-uniqueness of solutions to the initial value problem occurs. The criterion is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Heiko Gimperlein , Michael Grinfeld , Robin J. Knops , Marshall Slemrod

We present an action principle formulation for the study of motion of an extended body in General Relativity in the limit of weak gravitational field. This gives the classical equations of motion for multipole moments of arbitrary order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-19 Jeeva Anandan , Naresh Dadhich , Parampreet Singh

It is shown that for a relativistic particle moving in an electromagnetic field its equations of motion written in a form of the second law of Newton can be reduced with the help of elementary operations to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. The…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Granik

We suggest that the physically irrelevant choice of a representative worldline of a relativistic spinning particle should correspond to a gauge symmetry in an action approach. Using a canonical formalism in special relativity, we identify a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-21 Jan Steinhoff

A generalized canonical form of action of dynamic theories with higher derivatives is proposed, which does not require the introduction of additional dynamic variables. This form is the initial point for the construction of quantum theory,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-16 Natalia Gorobey , Alexander Lukyanenko , A. V. Goltsev

The classical theory of electrodynamics is built upon Maxwell's equations and the concepts of electromagnetic (EM) field, force, energy, and momentum, which are intimately tied together by Poynting's theorem and by the Lorentz force law.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-09-25 Masud Mansuripur

We review some techniques from non-linear analysis in order to investigate critical paths for the action functional in the calculus of variations applied to physics. Previous attempts to analyse when these are minima ex- ist, but mainly…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-03-22 E. López , A. Molgado , J. A. Vallejo

The minimal work principle asserts that work done on a thermally isolated equilibrium system, is minimal for the slowest (adiabatic) realization of a given process. This principle, one of the formulations of the second law, is operationally…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

We give a new representation as tempered distribution for the energy-momentum tensor of a system of charged point-particles, which is free from divergent self-interactions, manifestly Lorentz-invariant and symmetric, and conserved. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Lechner , P. A. Marchetti

An overarching action principle, the principle of minimal free action, exists for ergodic Markov chain dynamics. Using this principle and the Detailed Fluctuation Theorem, we construct a dynamic ensemble theory for non-equilibrium steady…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-03-20 Xiangjun Xing , Mingnan Ding

Working in the lagrangian framework, we develop a geometric theory in vacuum with propagating torsion; the antisymmetric and trace parts of the torsion tensor, considered as derived from local potential fields, are taken and, using the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Aprea , G. Montani , R. Ruffini

In this paper we show how the equations of motion of a superfield, which makes its appearance in a path-integral approach to classical mechanics, can be derived without the need of the least-action principle

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 E. Cattaruzza , E. Gozzi , A. Francisco Neto