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We take a geometrical viewpoint and present a unifying view on supervised deep learning with the Bregman divergence loss function - this entails frequent classification and prediction tasks. Motivated by simulations we suggest that there is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Petr Taborsky , Lars Kai Hansen

A widely believed explanation for the remarkable generalization capacities of overparameterized neural networks is that the optimization algorithms used for training induce an implicit bias towards benign solutions. To grasp this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Maria Matveev , Vit Fojtik , Hung-Hsu Chou , Gitta Kutyniok , Johannes Maly

The deep linear network (DLN) is a model for implicit regularization in gradient based optimization of overparametrized learning architectures. Training the DLN corresponds to a Riemannian gradient flow, where the Riemannian metric is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-05-12 Nadav Cohen , Govind Menon , Zsolt Veraszto

We introduce a general framework for analyzing learning algorithms based on the notion of self-regularization, which captures implicit complexity control without requiring explicit regularization. This is motivated by previous observations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-19 Max Schölpple , Liu Fanghui , Ingo Steinwart

The primary objective of learning methods is generalization. Classic uniform generalization bounds, which rely on VC-dimension or Rademacher complexity, fail to explain the significant attribute that over-parameterized models in deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Lijia Yu , Yibo Miao , Yifan Zhu , Xiao-Shan Gao , Lijun Zhang

Deep neural networks with remarkably strong generalization performances are usually over-parameterized. Despite explicit regularization strategies are used for practitioners to avoid over-fitting, the impacts are often small. Some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Deren Lei , Zichen Sun , Yijun Xiao , William Yang Wang

We study the generalization of over-parameterized deep networks (for image classification) in relation to the convex hull of their training sets. Despite their great success, generalization of deep networks is considered a mystery. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Roozbeh Yousefzadeh

We study the generalization properties of stochastic gradient methods for learning with convex loss functions and linearly parameterized functions. We show that, in the absence of penalizations or constraints, the stability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-27 Junhong Lin , Raffaello Camoriano , Lorenzo Rosasco

Gradient-based methods successfully train highly overparameterized models in practice, even though the associated optimization problems are markedly nonconvex. Understanding the mechanisms that make such methods effective has become a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hippolyte Labarrière , Cesare Molinari , Lorenzo Rosasco , Cristian Vega , Silvia Villa

Continual learning of deep neural networks is a key requirement for scaling them up to more complex applicative scenarios and for achieving real lifelong learning of these architectures. Previous approaches to the problem have considered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Aurelio Uncini

Regularization is one of the crucial ingredients of deep learning, yet the term regularization has various definitions, and regularization methods are often studied separately from each other. In our work we present a systematic, unifying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Jan Kukačka , Vladimir Golkov , Daniel Cremers

Contrary to most machine learning models, modern deep artificial neural networks typically include multiple components that contribute to regularization. Despite the fact that some (explicit) regularization techniques, such as weight decay…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Alex Hernández-García , Peter König

It is important to understand how dropout, a popular regularization method, aids in achieving a good generalization solution during neural network training. In this work, we present a theoretical derivation of an implicit regularization of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Zhongwang Zhang , Zhi-Qin John Xu

One explanation for the strong generalization ability of neural networks is implicit bias. Yet, the definition and mechanism of implicit bias in non-linear contexts remains little understood. In this work, we propose to characterize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Jingwei Li , Jing Xu , Zifan Wang , Huishuai Zhang , Jingzhao Zhang

Convolution Neural Networks, known as ConvNets exceptionally perform well in many complex machine learning tasks. The architecture of ConvNets demands the huge and rich amount of data and involves with a vast number of parameters that leads…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-14 Pushparaja Murugan , Shanmugasundaram Durairaj

We present experiments demonstrating that some other form of capacity control, different from network size, plays a central role in learning multilayer feed-forward networks. We argue, partially through analogy to matrix factorization, that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Behnam Neyshabur , Ryota Tomioka , Nathan Srebro

We analyze the optimization landscapes of deep learning with wide networks. We highlight the importance of constraints for such networks and show that constraint -- as well as unconstraint -- empirical-risk minimization over such networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Johannes Lederer

Deep neural networks are workhorse models in machine learning with multiple layers of non-linear functions composed in series. Their loss function is highly non-convex, yet empirically even gradient descent minimisation is sufficient to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-03-18 Simon Becker , Yao Zhang , Alpha A. Lee

Inspired by the remarkable success of large neural networks, there has been significant interest in understanding the generalization performance of over-parameterized models. Substantial efforts have been invested in characterizing how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Haoyuan Sun , Khashayar Gatmiry , Kwangjun Ahn , Navid Azizan

Despite the extreme popularity of deep learning in science and industry, its formal understanding is limited. This thesis puts forth notions of rank as key for developing a theory of deep learning, focusing on the fundamental aspects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Noam Razin