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Loops are fundamental structures in the magnetized atmosphere of the sun. Their physical properties are crucial for understanding the nature of the solar atmosphere. Transition region loops are relatively dynamic and their physical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-16 Shiyu Liang , Ziyuan Wang , Zhenghua Huang , Hengyuan Wei , Hui Fu , Ming Xiong , Lidong Xia

Using one-arcsecond-slit scan observations from the Hinode/EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on 05 February 2007, we find the plasma outflows in the open and expanding coronal funnels at the eastern boundary of AR 10940. The Doppler velocity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 A. K. Srivastava , P. Konkol , K. Murawski , B. N. Dwivedi , A. Mohan

Spectroscopic observations with the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on Hinode have revealed large areas of high speed outflows at the periphery of many solar active regions. These outflows are of interest because they may connect to the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Harry P. Warren , Ignacio Ugarte-Urra , Peter R. Young , Guillermo Stenborg

We use RHESSI high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy observations from ~6 to 100 keV to determine the statistical relationships between measured parameters (temperature, emission measure, etc.) of hot, thermal plasma in 37 intense (GOES…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-25 Amir Caspi , Säm Krucker , R. P. Lin

Coronal plasma in the cores of solar active regions is impulsively heated to more than 5 MK. The nature and location of the magnetic energy source responsible for such impulsive heating is poorly understood. Using observations of seven…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-21 L. P. Chitta , H. Peter , E. R. Priest , S. K. Solanki

The brightness of the emission from coronal loops in the solar atmosphere is strongly dependent on the temperature and density of the confined plasma. After a release of energy, these loops undergo a heating and upflow phase, followed by a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-20 C. D. Johnston , S. J. Bradshaw

Observations of slow magneto-acoustic waves have been demonstrated to possess a number of applications in coronal seismology. Determination of the polytropic index ($\gamma$) is one such important application. Analysing the amplitudes of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 S. Krishna Prasad , J. O. Raes , T. Van Doorsselaere , N. Magyar , D. B. Jess

One of the key processes associated with the "standard" flare model is chromospheric evaporation, a process where plasma heated to high temperatures by energy deposition at the flare footpoints is driven upwards into the corona. Despite…

We examine the hypothesis that ``cool loops'' dominate emission from solar transition region plasma below temperatures of $2\times10^5$K. We compare published VAULT images of H L$\alpha$, a lower transition region line, with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Philip G. Judge , Rebecca Centeno

We discuss the diagnostics available to study the 5-10 MK plasma in the solar corona, which is key to understanding the heating in the cores of solar active regions. We present several simulated spectra, and show that excellent diagnostics…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-11 G. Del Zanna , V. Andretta , P. J. Cargill , A. J. Corso , A. N. Daw , L. Golub , J. A. Klimchuk , H. E. Mason

Plasma composition in flaring regions has been shown to have significant spatial and temporal variations, likely driven by dynamical processes that take place as a consequence of the sudden energy release at the reconnection site. The…

We explore the suggestions by Uzdensky (2007) and Cassak et al. (2008) that coronal loops heated by magnetic reconnection should self-organize to a state of marginal collisionality. We discuss their model of coronal loop dynamics with a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 S. Imada , E. G. Zweibel

Spectral line widths are often observed to be larger than can be accounted for by thermal and instrumental broadening alone. This excess broadening is a key observational constraint for both nanoflare and wave dissipation models of coronal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 David H. Brooks , Harry P. Warren

Context. Understanding the close relationship between the plasma and the magnetic field is important to describe and explain the observed complex dynamics of solar prominences. Aims. We determine if a close relationship between plasma and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-01 P. J. Levens , N. Labrosse , B. Schmieder , A. López Ariste , L. Fletcher

Solar extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lines emitted by highly charged ions have been extensively studied to discuss the issue of coronal heating and solar wind acceleration. Based on observations of the polar corona by the SUMER/SOHO…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 G. Q. Zhao , D. J. Wu , C. B. Wang

A significant impediment to solving the coronal heating problem is that we currently only observe active region (AR) loops in their cooling phase. Previous studies showed that the evolution of cooling loop densities and apex temperatures…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-10 David H. Brooks , Jeffrey W. Reep , Ignacio Ugarte-Urra , John E. Unverferth , Harry P. Warren

The origin of the slow solar wind is still an open issue. It has been suggested that upflows at the edge of active regions (AR) can contribute to the slow solar wind. Here, we compared the upflow region and the AR core and studied how the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-04 Krzysztof Barczynski , Louise Harra , Lucia Kleint , Brandon Panos , David H. Brooks

The nanoflare paradigm of coronal heating has proven extremely promising for explaining the presence of hot, multi-million degree loops in the solar corona. In this paradigm, localized heating events supply enough energy to heat the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Kalman J. Knizhnik , Will T. Barnes , Jeffrey W. Reep , Vadim M. Uritsky

Standing long-period (with the periods longer than several minutes) oscillations in large hot (with the temperature higher than 3 MK) coronal loops have been observed as the quasi-periodic modulation of the EUV and microwave intensity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-15 Sanjay Kumar , V. M. Nakariakov , Y. -J. Moon

We present new constraints on the high-temperature emission measure of a non-flaring solar active region using observations from the recently flown Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager sounding rocket payload. FOXSI has performed the first…