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Unsupervised representation learning for speech processing has matured greatly in the last few years. Work in computer vision and natural language processing has paved the way, but speech data offers unique challenges. As a result, methods…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-04 Lasse Borgholt , Jakob Drachmann Havtorn , Joakim Edin , Lars Maaløe , Christian Igel

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has been shown to learn useful and information-preserving representations. Neural Networks (NNs) are widely applied, yet their weight space is still not fully understood. Therefore, we propose to use SSL to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Konstantin Schürholt , Dimche Kostadinov , Damian Borth

We propose an unsupervised method to obtain cross-lingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-trained word embeddings. The proposed model, which we call multilingual neural language models, takes sentences of multiple languages as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata

Unsupervised learning has always been appealing to machine learning researchers and practitioners, allowing them to avoid an expensive and complicated process of labeling the data. However, unsupervised learning of complex data is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Evgenii Zheltonozhskii , Chaim Baskin , Alex M. Bronstein , Avi Mendelson

Current state of the art systems in NLP heavily rely on manually annotated datasets, which are expensive to construct. Very little work adequately exploits unannotated data -- such as discourse markers between sentences -- mainly because of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Damien Sileo , Tim Van-De-Cruys , Camille Pradel , Philippe Muller

Recent advancements in unsupervised feature learning have developed powerful latent representations of words. However, it is still not clear what makes one representation better than another and how we can learn the ideal representation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-30 Bryan Perozzi , Rami Al-Rfou , Vivek Kulkarni , Steven Skiena

Large, human-annotated datasets are central to the development of natural language processing models. Collecting these datasets can be the most challenging part of the development process. We address this problem by introducing a general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Alana Marzoev , Samuel Madden , M. Frans Kaashoek , Michael Cafarella , Jacob Andreas

Syntactic structure of sentences in a document substantially informs about its authorial writing style. Sentence representation learning has been widely explored in recent years and it has been shown that it improves the generalization of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Fereshteh Jafariakinabad , Kien A. Hua

Sentence representations are a critical component in NLP applications such as retrieval, question answering, and text classification. They capture the meaning of a sentence, enabling machines to understand and reason over human language. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Abhinav Ramesh Kashyap , Thanh-Tung Nguyen , Viktor Schlegel , Stefan Winkler , See-Kiong Ng , Soujanya Poria

In the field of natural language processing (NLP), continuous vector representations are crucial for capturing the semantic meanings of individual words. Yet, when it comes to the representations of sets of words, the conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Yoichi Ishibashi , Sho Yokoi , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Sentence Representation Learning (SRL) is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with the Contrastive Learning of Sentence Embeddings (CSE) being the mainstream technique due to its superior performance. An intriguing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Mingxin Li , Richong Zhang , Zhijie Nie , Yongyi Mao

Natural language inference (NLI) is among the most challenging tasks in natural language understanding. Recent work on unsupervised pretraining that leverages unsupervised signals such as language-model and sentence prediction objectives…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Tianda Li , Xiaodan Zhu , Quan Liu , Qian Chen , Zhigang Chen , Si Wei

Neural networks trained on natural language processing tasks capture syntax even though it is not provided as a supervision signal. This indicates that syntactic analysis is essential to the understating of language in artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Tomasz Limisiewicz , David Mareček

We describe an approach for unsupervised learning of a generic, distributed sentence encoder. Using the continuity of text from books, we train an encoder-decoder model that tries to reconstruct the surrounding sentences of an encoded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-06-23 Ryan Kiros , Yukun Zhu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Richard S. Zemel , Antonio Torralba , Raquel Urtasun , Sanja Fidler

Representation learning is the dominant technique for unsupervised domain adaptation, but existing approaches often require the specification of "pivot features" that generalize across domains, which are selected by task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Yi Yang , Jacob Eisenstein

While the general idea of self-supervised learning is identical across modalities, the actual algorithms and objectives differ widely because they were developed with a single modality in mind. To get us closer to general self-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Alexei Baevski , Wei-Ning Hsu , Qiantong Xu , Arun Babu , Jiatao Gu , Michael Auli

Cross-lingual transfer of word embeddings aims to establish the semantic mappings among words in different languages by learning the transformation functions over the corresponding word embedding spaces. Successfully solving this problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Ruochen Xu , Yiming Yang , Naoki Otani , Yuexin Wu

We show state-of-the-art word representation learning methods maximize an objective function that is a lower bound on the mutual information between different parts of a word sequence (i.e., a sentence). Our formulation provides an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Lingpeng Kong , Cyprien de Masson d'Autume , Wang Ling , Lei Yu , Zihang Dai , Dani Yogatama

Recent advancements in language representation models such as BERT have led to a rapid improvement in numerous natural language processing tasks. However, language models usually consist of a few hundred million trainable parameters with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Mehrdad Valipour , En-Shiun Annie Lee , Jaime R. Jamacaro , Carolina Bessega

Pre-trained word embeddings learned from unlabeled text have become a standard component of neural network architectures for NLP tasks. However, in most cases, the recurrent network that operates on word-level representations to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Matthew E. Peters , Waleed Ammar , Chandra Bhagavatula , Russell Power