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In reading comprehension, generating sentence-level distractors is a significant task, which requires a deep understanding of the article and question. The traditional entity-centered methods can only generate word-level or phrase-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Xiaorui Zhou , Senlin Luo , Yunfang Wu

Neural attention, especially the self-attention made popular by the Transformer, has become the workhorse of state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) models. Very recent work suggests that the self-attention in the Transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Zhengxuan Wu , Thanh-Son Nguyen , Desmond C. Ong

Many state-of-art neural models designed for monotonicity reasoning perform poorly on downward inference. To address this shortcoming, we developed an attentive tree-structured neural network. It consists of a tree-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Zeming Chen

Soft attention in Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) is susceptible to incorporating irrelevant information from the context into its latent representations, which adversely affects next token generations. To help rectify these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Jason Weston , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar

Attention mechanism has enhanced state-of-the-art Neural Machine Translation (NMT) by jointly learning to align and translate. It tends to ignore past alignment information, however, which often leads to over-translation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Zhaopeng Tu , Zhengdong Lu , Yang Liu , Xiaohua Liu , Hang Li

Attention, specifically scaled dot-product attention, has proven effective for natural language, but it does not have a mechanism for handling hierarchical patterns of arbitrary nesting depth, which limits its ability to recognize certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Brian DuSell , David Chiang

The RepEval 2017 Shared Task aims to evaluate natural language understanding models for sentence representation, in which a sentence is represented as a fixed-length vector with neural networks and the quality of the representation is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Qian Chen , Xiaodan Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling , Si Wei , Hui Jiang , Diana Inkpen

Most state-of-the-art neural machine translation systems, despite being different in architectural skeletons (e.g. recurrence, convolutional), share an indispensable feature: the Attention. However, most existing attention methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-17 Phi Xuan Nguyen , Shafiq Joty

Contextual information plays a crucial role in speech recognition technologies and incorporating it into the end-to-end speech recognition models has drawn immense interest recently. However, previous deep bias methods lacked explicit…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-13 Kaixun Huang , Ao Zhang , Zhanheng Yang , Pengcheng Guo , Bingshen Mu , Tianyi Xu , Lei Xie

Machine comprehension question answering, which finds an answer to the question given a passage, involves high-level reasoning processes of understanding and tracking the relevant contents across various semantic units such as words,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Minjeong Kim , David Keetae Park , Hyungjong Noh , Yeonsoo Lee , Jaegul Choo

Inferring the probability distribution of sentences or word sequences is a key process in natural language processing. While word-level language models (LMs) have been widely adopted for computing the joint probabilities of word sequences,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Heewoong Park , Sukhyun Cho , Jonghun Park

The goal of sentence and document modeling is to accurately represent the meaning of sentences and documents for various Natural Language Processing tasks. In this work, we present Dependency Sensitive Convolutional Neural Networks (DSCNN)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Rui Zhang , Honglak Lee , Dragomir Radev

Character-level string-to-string transduction is an important component of various NLP tasks. The goal is to map an input string to an output string, where the strings may be of different lengths and have characters taken from different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shijie Wu , Pamela Shapiro , Ryan Cotterell

We argue that neither transformers nor sub-quadratic architectures are well suited to training at long sequence lengths: the cost of processing the context is too expensive in the former, too inexpensive in the latter. Approaches such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Carles Gelada , Jacob Buckman , Sean Zhang , Txus Bach

In this work we propose a novel attention-based neural network model for the task of fine-grained entity type classification that unlike previously proposed models recursively composes representations of entity mention contexts. Our model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Sonse Shimaoka , Pontus Stenetorp , Kentaro Inui , Sebastian Riedel

The in-context learning capabilities of modern language models have motivated a deeper mathematical understanding of sequence models. A line of recent work has shown that linear attention models can emulate projected gradient descent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Xiangyu Chang , Yingcong Li , Muti Kara , Samet Oymak , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Attention is a very popular and effective mechanism in artificial neural network-based sequence-to-sequence models. In this survey paper, a comprehensive review of the different attention models used in developing automatic speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Priyabrata Karmakar , Shyh Wei Teng , Guojun Lu

Reading comprehension has been widely studied. One of the most representative reading comprehension tasks is Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD), on which machine is already comparable with human. On the other hand, accessing large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Chia-Hsuan Li , Szu-Lin Wu , Chi-Liang Liu , Hung-yi Lee

Attention-based deep networks have been successfully applied on textual data in the field of NLP. However, their application on protein sequences poses additional challenges due to the weak semantics of the protein words, unlike the plain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Ashish Ranjan , Md Shah Fahad , Akshay Deepak

Recently, non-recurrent architectures (convolutional, self-attentional) have outperformed RNNs in neural machine translation. CNNs and self-attentional networks can connect distant words via shorter network paths than RNNs, and it has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Gongbo Tang , Mathias Müller , Annette Rios , Rico Sennrich