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Maximum Likelihood Estimators (MLE) has many good properties. For example, the asymptotic variance of MLE solution attains equality of the asymptotic Cram{\'e}r-Rao lower bound (efficiency bound), which is the minimum possible variance for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-05 Song Liu , Takafumi Kanamori , Wittawat Jitkrittum , Yu Chen

Parameter estimation connects mathematical models to real-world data and decision making across many scientific and industrial applications. Standard approaches such as maximum likelihood estimation and Markov chain Monte Carlo estimate…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-06 Matthew J Simpson , James S Bennett , Alexander Johnston , Ruth E Baker

This paper considers the problem of robustly estimating the parameters of a heavy-tailed multivariate distribution when the covariance matrix is known to have the structure of a low-rank matrix plus a diagonal matrix as considered in factor…

Computation · Statistics 2019-09-30 Rui Zhou , Junyan Liu , Sandeep Kumar , Daniel P. Palomar

In this paper we consider the parameter estimation problem associated to partially-observed time changed SDEs, with observations that are given at discrete times. In particular we consider both likelihood and Bayesian estimation. We develop…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Ke Zhao , Ajay Jasra

We present an efficient algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of exponential family models, with a general parametrization of the energy function that includes neural networks. We exploit the primal-dual view of the MLE with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Bo Dai , Zhen Liu , Hanjun Dai , Niao He , Arthur Gretton , Le Song , Dale Schuurmans

Despite the enormous success of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo and related Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, sampling often still represents the computational bottleneck in scientific applications. Availability of parallel resources can…

Computation · Statistics 2026-01-26 Jakob Robnik , Uroš Seljak

Bayesian inference in deep neural networks is challenging due to the high-dimensional, strongly multi-modal parameter posterior density landscape. Markov chain Monte Carlo approaches asymptotically recover the true posterior but are…

In previous works, we proposed to estimate cosmological parameters with the artificial neural network (ANN) and the mixture density network (MDN). In this work, we propose an improved method called the mixture neural network (MNN) to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-23 Guo-Jian Wang , Cheng Cheng , Yin-Zhe Ma , Jun-Qing Xia , Amare Abebe , Aroonkumar Beesham

Level set estimation (LSE), the problem of identifying the set of input points where a function takes value above (or below) a given threshold, is important in practical applications. When the function is expensive-to-evaluate and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-02 Yu Inatsu , Shion Takeno , Kentaro Kutsukake , Ichiro Takeuchi

Many application areas rely on models that can be readily simulated but lack a closed-form likelihood, or an accurate approximation under arbitrary parameter values. Existing parameter estimation approaches in this setting are generally…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-04 Rui Zhang , Oksana A. Chkrebtii , Dongbin Xiu

This position paper summarizes a recently developed research program focused on inference in the context of data centric science and engineering applications, and forecasts its trajectory forward over the next decade. Often one endeavours…

Computation · Statistics 2021-12-06 Ajay Jasra , Kody J. H. Law , Alexander Tarakanov , Fangyuan Yu

This paper considers estimation and inference about tail features when the observations beyond some threshold are censored. We first show that ignoring such tail censoring could lead to substantial bias and size distortion, even if the…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-02-25 Yulong Wang , Zhijie Xiao

Factor analysis, a classical multivariate statistical technique is popularly used as a fundamental tool for dimensionality reduction in statistics, econometrics and data science. Estimation is often carried out via the Maximum Likelihood…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-19 Koulik Khamaru , Rahul Mazumder

Bayesian analysis often concerns an evaluation of models with different dimensionality as is necessary in, for example, model selection or mixture models. To facilitate this evaluation, transdimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-13 Daniel W. Heck , Antony M. Overstall , Quentin F. Gronau , Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

The widespread use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods for high-dimensional applications has motivated research into the scalability of these algorithms with respect to the dimension of the problem. Despite this, numerous problems…

Computation · Statistics 2024-10-21 Ardjen Pengel , Jun Yang , Zhou Zhou

A number of problems in a variety of fields are characterised by target distributions with a multimodal structure in which the presence of several isolated local maxima dramatically reduces the efficiency of Markov Chain Monte Carlo…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-07-31 Miquel Trias , Alberto Vecchio , John Veitch

We present a new approach to parameter inference targeted on generic situations where the evaluation of the likelihood $\mathcal{L}$ (i.e., the probability to observe the data given a fixed model configuration) is numerically expensive.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-18 Aseem Paranjape

In financial engineering, prices of financial products are computed approximately many times each trading day with (slightly) different parameters in each calculation. In many financial models such prices can be approximated by means of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-24 Sebastian Becker , Arnulf Jentzen , Marvin S. Müller , Philippe von Wurstemberger

We provide lower error bounds for randomized algorithms that approximate integrals of functions depending on an unrestricted or even infinite number of variables. More precisely, we consider the infinite-dimensional integration problem on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-02-09 Michael Gnewuch

This paper studies the estimation of low-rank Markov chains from empirical trajectories. We propose a non-convex estimator based on rank-constrained likelihood maximization. Statistical upper bounds are provided for the Kullback-Leiber…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-20 Xudong Li , Mengdi Wang , Anru Zhang