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Gapped phases of noninteracting fermions, with and without charge conservation and time-reversal symmetry, are classified using Bott periodicity. The symmetry and spatial dimension determines a general universality class, which corresponds…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Alexei Kitaev

Models whose ground states can be written as an exact matrix product state (MPS) provide valuable insights into phases of matter. While MPS-solvable models are typically studied as isolated points in a phase diagram, they can belong to a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-11-01 Nick G. Jones , Julian Bibo , Bernhard Jobst , Frank Pollmann , Adam Smith , Ruben Verresen

Matrix Product States (MPS) are a particular type of one dimensional tensor network states, that have been applied to the study of numerous quantum many body problems. One of their key features is the possibility to describe and encode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-02 Ilya Kull , Andras Molnar , Erez Zohar , J. Ignacio Cirac

We introduce a framework for characterizing Matrix Product States (MPS) and Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) in terms of symmetries. This allows us to understand how PEPS appear as ground states of local Hamiltonians with finitely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-16 Norbert Schuch , Ignacio Cirac , David Perez-Garcia

Ordered phases resulting from spontaneously broken continuous symmetries are effectively described by sigma models of maps to the coset space of Goldstone modes. A classic problem is to classify the topological sectors of the sigma model.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-11-01 J. P. Ang , Abhishodh Prakash

The classification of topological phases of matter is fundamental to understand and characterize the properties of quantum materials. In this paper we study phases of matter in one-dimensional open quantum systems. We define two mixed…

This thesis aims at concluding the classification results for topological phases with symmetry in 2+1 dimensions. The main result is that topological phases are classified by a triple of unitary braided fusion categories $\mathcal…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-01-08 Tian Lan

For a parameterized family of invertible states (short-range-entangled states) in $(1+1)$ dimensions, we discuss a generalization of the Berry phase. Using translationally-invariant, infinite matrix product states (MPSs), we introduce a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-18 Shuhei Ohyama , Shinsei Ryu

Symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases are gapped quantum phases which host symmetry-protected gapless edge excitations. On the other hand, the edge states can be gapped by spontaneously breaking symmetry. We show that topological…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-05-20 Yuan-Ming Lu , Dung-Hai Lee

Canonical forms are central to the analytical understanding of tensor network states, underpinning key results such as the complete classification of one-dimensional symmetry-protected topological phases within the matrix product state…

We investigate (1+1)d symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases with fusion category symmetries. We emphasize that the UV description of an anomaly-free fusion category symmetry must include the fiber functor, giving rise to a local…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-01 Chenqi Meng , Xinping Yang , Tian Lan , Zhengcheng Gu

Quantum many-body systems divide into a variety of phases with very different physical properties. The question of what kind of phases exist and how to identify them seems hard especially for strongly interacting systems. Here we make an…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-05-19 Xie Chen , Zheng-Cheng Gu , Xiao-Gang Wen

Matrix product states (MPS) provide a powerful framework for characterizing one-dimensional symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases of matter and for formulating Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM)-type constraints. Here we generalize the MPS…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-20 Amogh Anakru , Sarvesh Srinivasan , Linhao Li , Zhen Bi

Invertible fermionic topological (IFT) phases are gapped phases of matter with nondegenerate ground states on any closed spatial manifold. When open boundary conditions are imposed, nontrivial IFT phases support gapless boundary degrees of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-07-20 Ömer M. Aksoy , Christopher Mudry

We explore 1+1 dimensional (1+1D) gapped phases in systems with non-invertible symmetries, focusing on symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases (defined as gapped phases with non-degenerate ground states), as well as SPT orders (defined…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-01 Ömer M. Aksoy , Xiao-Gang Wen

Higher-order topological phases (HOTPs) hold gapped bulk bands and topological boundary states localized in boundaries with codimension higher than one. In this paper, we provide a unified construction and topological characterization of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-09 Zhoutao Lei , Yuangang Deng , Linhu Li

We study fermionic matrix product operator algebras and identify the associated algebraic data. Using this algebraic data we construct fermionic tensor network states in two dimensions that have non-trivial symmetry-protected or intrinsic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-12-11 Nick Bultinck , Dominic J. Williamson , Jutho Haegeman , Frank Verstraete

Recent advancements in generalized symmetries have drawn significant attention to gapped phases of matter exhibiting novel symmetries, such as noninvertible symmetries. By leveraging the duality transformations, the classification and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-16 Weiguang Cao , Masahito Yamazaki , Linhao Li

We systematically study gapless edge modes corresponding to $\mathbb{Z}_3$ symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases of two-dimensional three-state Potts paramagnets on a triangular lattice. First, we derive microscopic lattice models for…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-02-26 Hrant Topchyan , Vasilii Iugov , Mkhitar Mirumyan , Tigran S. Hakobyan , Tigran A. Sedrakyan , Ara G. Sedrakyan

The conditions for both the stability and the breakdown of the topological classification of gapped ground states of noninteracting fermions, the tenfold way, in the presence of quartic fermion-fermion interactions are given for any…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-09-07 Takahiro Morimoto , Akira Furusaki , Christopher Mudry