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We prove a formula for the asymptotic number of edge-colored regular graphs with a prescribed set of allowed vertex-incidence structures. The formula depends on specific critical points of a polynomial encoding the vertex-incidences. As an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Michael Borinsky , Chiara Meroni , Maximilian Wiesmann

A graph $H$ is common if the limit as $n\to\infty$ of the minimum density of monochromatic labelled copies of $H$ in an edge colouring of $K_n$ with red and blue is attained by a sequence of quasirandom colourings. We apply an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-11 Natalie Behague , Natasha Morrison , Jonathan A. Noel

Let $G$ be a graph. We introduce the acyclic b-chromatic number of $G$ as an analogue to the b-chromatic number of $G$. An acyclic coloring of a graph $G$ is a map $c:V(G)\rightarrow \{1,\dots,k\}$ such that $c(u)\neq c(v)$ for any $uv\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-27 Marcin Anholcer , Sylwia Cichacz , Iztok Peterin

DP-coloring (or correspondence coloring) is a generalization of list coloring that has been widely studied since its introduction by Dvo\v{r}\'{a}k and Postle in 2015. As the analogue of the chromatic polynomial of a graph $G$, $P(G,m)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Samantha L. Dahlberg , Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock

Given an edge-coloring of a graph $G$, we associate to every vertex $v$ of $G$ the set of colors appearing on the edges incident with $v$. The palette index of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of such distinct sets, taken over all…

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,\ldots,t$ is an interval $t$-coloring if all colors are used, and the colors of edges incident to each vertex of $G$ are distinct and form an interval of integers. A graph $G$ is interval…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Hrant Khachatrian , Tigran Mamikonyan

A strong edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring in which every color class is an induced matching. The strong chromatic index $\chi_s'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge coloring of $G$. Let…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Tao Wang , Xiaodan Zhao

In this paper, we demonstrate a useful interaction between the theory of clique partitions, edge clique covers of a graph, and the spectra of graphs. Using a clique partition and an edge clique cover of a graph we introduce the notion of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-20 Shaun Fallat , Seyed Ahmad Mojallal

Let $H$ be a $k$-edge-coloured graph and let $n$ be a positive integer. What is the maximum number of copies of $H$ in a $k$-edge-coloured complete graph on $n$ vertices? This paper studies the case $k=2$, which we call the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Abdul Basit , Bertille Granet , Daniel Horsley , André Kündgen , Katherine Staden

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ assigns a color to each edge of $G$. An edge-coloring is a parity edge-coloring if for each path $P$ in $G$, it uses some color on an odd number of edges in $P$. It is a strong parity edge-coloring if for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-19 Peter Bradshaw , Sergey Norin , Douglas B. West

The 2-distance coloring of a graph $G$ is equivalent to the proper coloring of its square graph $G^2$, it is a special distance labeling problem. DP-coloring (or "Correspondence coloring") was introduced by Dvo\v{r}\'ak and Postle in 2018,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-16 Ren Zhao

Graph colouring is a combinatorial optimisation problem with applications in several important domains, including sports scheduling, cartography, street map navigation, and timetabling. It is also of significant theoretical interest and a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Rhyd Lewis

The ordinary generating function of the number of complete subgraphs (cliques) of $G$, denoted by $C(G,x)$, is called the The clique polynomial of the graph $G$. In this paper, we first introduce some \emph{clique} incidence matrices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-18 Hossein Teimoori Faal

We present a graph model for a background independent, relational approach to spacetime emergence. The general idea and the graph main features, detailed in [1], are discussed. This is a combinatorial (dynamical) metric graph, colored on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-14 D. Pugliese

A {\em restraint} on a (finite undirected) graph $G = (V,E)$ is a function $r$ on $V$ such that $r(v)$ is a finite subset of ${\mathbb N}$; a proper vertex colouring $c$ of $G$ is {\em permitted} by $r$ if $c(v) \not\in r(v)$ for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Jason I. Brown , Aysel Erey , Jian Li

For a graph $H$ whose edges are coloured blue or red, the $H$-semi-inducibility problem asks for the maximum, over all graphs $G$ of given order $n$, of the number of injections from the vertex set of $H$ into the vertex set of $G$ that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Levente Bodnár , Oleg Pikhurko

DP-coloring (also called correspondence coloring) of graphs is a generalization of list coloring that has been widely studied since its introduction by Dvo\v{r}\'{a}k and Postle in $2015$. Intuitively, DP-coloring generalizes list coloring…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-11 Anton Bernshteyn , Daniel Dominik , Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that no two edges of distance at most two receive the same color. The strong chromatic index $\chi'_s(G)$ is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge-coloring of $G$. P.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-06 Chuanyun Zang

An edge-colored graph $G$ is conflict-free connected if any two of its vertices are connected by a path which contains a color used on exactly one of its edges. The conflict-free connection number of a connected graph $G$, denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-12 Ran Gu , Xueliang Li

Consider a graph $G = (V, E)$ and, for each vertex $v \in V$, a subset $\Sigma(v)$ of neighbors of $v$. A $\Sigma$-coloring is a coloring of the elements of $V$ so that vertices appearing together in some $\Sigma(v)$ receive pairwise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-26 Zdenek Dvorak , Louis Esperet