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This work, shows how propositional resolution can be generalized to obtain a resolution proof system for constrained pseudo-propositional logic (CPPL), which is an extension resulted from inserting the natural numbers with few constraints…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Ahmad-Saher Azizi-Sultan

We propose ImitSAT, a branching policy for conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) solvers based on imitation learning for the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT). Unlike previous methods that predict instance-level signals to improve CDCL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zewei Zhang , Huan Liu , Yuanhao Yu , Jun Chen , Xiangyu Xu

The Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem is a canonical NP-complete problem and a natural candidate for quantum acceleration via search-based algorithms. In Grover-based quantum SAT solvers, the dominant computational cost stems from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Majd Assaad , Abhoy Kole , Rolf Drechsler

We offer a new understanding of some aspects of practical SAT-solvers that are based on DPLL with unit-clause propagation, clause-learning, and restarts. We do so by analyzing a concrete algorithm which we claim is faithful to what…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Albert Atserias , Johannes Klaus Fichte , Marc Thurley

This paper defines the (first-order) conflict resolution calculus: an extension of the resolution calculus inspired by techniques used in modern SAT-solvers. The resolution inference is restricted to (first-order) unit-propagation and the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-02-16 John Slaney , Bruno Woltzenlogel Paleo

We introduce the problem of finding a satisfying assignment to a CNF formula that must further belong to a prescribed input subspace. Equivalent formulations of the problem include finding a point outside a union of subspaces (the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Vikraman Arvind , Venkatesan Guruswami

Applying deep learning to solve real-life instances of hard combinatorial problems has tremendous potential. Research in this direction has focused on the Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem, both because of its theoretical centrality and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Dimitris Achlioptas , Amrit Daswaney , Periklis A. Papakonstantinou

It is well known that different solution strategies work well for different types of instances of hard combinatorial problems. As a consequence, most solvers for the propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) expose parameters that allow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Frank Hutter , Marius Lindauer , Adrian Balint , Sam Bayless , Holger Hoos , Kevin Leyton-Brown

This paper is devoted to the complexity of the Boolean satisfiability problem. We consider a version of this problem, where the Boolean formula is specified in the conjunctive normal form. We prove an unexpected result that the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Grigoriy V. Bokov

Majority-SAT is the problem of determining whether an input $n$-variable formula in conjunctive normal form (CNF) has at least $2^{n-1}$ satisfying assignments. Majority-SAT and related problems have been studied extensively in various AI…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Shyan Akmal , Ryan Williams

Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problems are critical in fields such as artificial intelligence and cryptography, where efficient solutions are essential. Conventional probabilistic solvers often encounter scalability issues due to complex…

A central task in knowledge compilation is to compile a CNF-SAT instance into a succinct representation format that allows efficient operations such as testing satisfiability, counting, or enumerating all solutions. Useful representation…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Christoph Berkholz , Stefan Mengel , Hermann Wilhelm

Any satisfiability problem in conjunctive normal form can be solved in polynomial time by reducing it to a 3-sat formulation and transforming this to a Linear Complementarity problem (LCP) which is then solved as a linear program (LP). Any…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Giacomo Patrizi

MaxSAT is an optimization version of the famous NP-complete Satisfiability problem (SAT). Algorithms for MaxSAT mainly include complete solvers and local search incomplete solvers. In many complete solvers, once a better solution is found,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Jiongzhi Zheng , Zhuo Chen , Chu-Min Li , Kun He

In computational complexity theory, a decision problem is NP-complete when it is both in NP and NP-hard. Although a solution to a NP-complete can be verified quickly, there is no known algorithm to solve it in polynomial time. There exists…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Wenxia Guo , Jin Wang , Majun He , Xiaoqin Ren , Wenhong Tian , Qingxian Wang

The Exact Satisfiability problem, XSAT, is defined as the problem of finding a satisfying assignment to a formula $\varphi$ in CNF such that exactly one literal in each clause is assigned to be "1" and the other literals in the same clause…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Gordon Hoi

Modern SMT solvers have revolutionized the approach to constraint satisfaction problems by integrating advanced theory reasoning and encoding techniques. In this work, we evaluate the performance of modern SMT solvers in Z3, CVC5 and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Liam Davis , Tairan Ji

Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problems are expressed as mathematical formulas. This paper presents a matrix representation for these SAT problems. It shows how to use this matrix representation to get the full set of valid satisfying…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Paul W. Homer

This article is concerned with the application of the program extraction technique to a new class of problems: the synthesis of decision procedures for the classical satisfiability problem that are correct by construction. To this end, we…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Ulrich Berger , Andrew Lawrence , Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg , Monika Seisenberger

Local consistency techniques such as k-consistency are a key component of specialised solvers for constraint satisfaction problems. In this paper we show that the power of using k-consistency techniques on a constraint satisfaction problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Peter Jeavons , Justyna Petke