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Efficiently serving neural network models with low latency is becoming more challenging due to increasing model complexity and parameter count. Model quantization offers a solution which simultaneously reduces memory footprint and compute…

To realize the promise of ubiquitous embedded deep network inference, it is essential to seek limits of energy and area efficiency. To this end, low-precision networks offer tremendous promise because both energy and area scale down…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Jeffrey L. McKinstry , Steven K. Esser , Rathinakumar Appuswamy , Deepika Bablani , John V. Arthur , Izzet B. Yildiz , Dharmendra S. Modha

We tackle the problem of producing compact models, maximizing their accuracy for a given model size. A standard solution is to train networks with Quantization Aware Training, where the weights are quantized during training and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Angela Fan , Pierre Stock , Benjamin Graham , Edouard Grave , Remi Gribonval , Herve Jegou , Armand Joulin

Low-bit quantized neural networks are of great interest in practical applications because they significantly reduce the consumption of both memory and computational resources. Binary neural networks are memory and computationally efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Anton Trusov , Elena Limonova , Dmitry Nikolaev , Vladimir V. Arlazarov

We introduce a DNN training technique that learns only a fraction of the full parameter set without incurring an accuracy penalty. To do this, our algorithm constrains the total number of weights updated during backpropagation to those with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Maximilian Golub , Guy Lemieux , Mieszko Lis

Quantization based model compression serves as high performing and fast approach for inference that yields models which are highly compressed when compared to their full-precision floating point counterparts. The most extreme quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Yaniv Shulman

This work targets the automated minimum-energy optimization of Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) - networks using low precision weights and activations. These networks are trained from scratch at an arbitrary fixed point precision. At…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Bert Moons , Koen Goetschalckx , Nick Van Berckelaer , Marian Verhelst

Quantization reduces the precision of deep neural networks to lower model size and computational demands, but often at the expense of accuracy. Fully quantized models can suffer significant accuracy degradation, and resource-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nikolaos Louloudakis , Ajitha Rajan

Operating deep neural networks on devices with limited resources requires the reduction of their memory footprints and computational requirements. In this paper we introduce a training method, called look-up table quantization, LUT-Q, which…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across various language tasks but pose challenges for practical deployment due to their substantial memory requirements. Furthermore, the latest generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Young Jin Kim , Rawn Henry , Raffy Fahim , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Deploying federated learning (FL) over wireless networks with resource-constrained devices requires balancing between accuracy, energy efficiency, and precision. Prior art on FL often requires devices to train deep neural networks (DNNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Minsu Kim , Walid Saad , Mohammad Mozaffari , Merouane Debbah

Tensor decomposition of convolutional and fully-connected layers is an effective way to reduce parameters and FLOP in neural networks. Due to memory and power consumption limitations of mobile or embedded devices, the quantization step is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Daria Cherniuk , Stanislav Abukhovich , Anh-Huy Phan , Ivan Oseledets , Andrzej Cichocki , Julia Gusak

Training neural networks requires significant computational resources and energy. Methods like mixed-precision and quantization-aware training reduce bit usage, yet they still depend heavily on computationally expensive gradient-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Noa Cohen , Omkar Joglekar , Dotan Di Castro , Vladimir Tchuiev , Shir Kozlovsky , Michal Moshkovitz

We introduce a novel scheme to train binary convolutional neural networks (CNNs) -- CNNs with weights and activations constrained to {-1,+1} at run-time. It has been known that using binary weights and activations drastically reduce memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-01 Xiaofan Lin , Cong Zhao , Wei Pan

The complexity of deep neural network algorithms for hardware implementation can be much lowered by optimizing the word-length of weights and signals. Direct quantization of floating-point weights, however, does not show good performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-08 Wonyong Sung , Sungho Shin , Kyuyeon Hwang

Deep learning algorithms achieve high classification accuracy at the expense of significant computation cost. In order to reduce this cost, several quantization schemes have gained attention recently with some focusing on weight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Jungwook Choi , Pierce I-Jen Chuang , Zhuo Wang , Swagath Venkataramani , Vijayalakshmi Srinivasan , Kailash Gopalakrishnan

Training with larger number of parameters while keeping fast iterations is an increasingly adopted strategy and trend for developing better performing Deep Neural Network (DNN) models. This necessitates increased memory footprint and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Léopold Cambier , Anahita Bhiwandiwalla , Ting Gong , Mehran Nekuii , Oguz H Elibol , Hanlin Tang

Quantization is one of the most effective methods to compress neural networks, which has achieved great success on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Recently, vision transformers have demonstrated great potential in computer vision.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zhihang Yuan , Chenhao Xue , Yiqi Chen , Qiang Wu , Guangyu Sun

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a practical approach to compress large neural networks, making them highly efficient for deployment. However, effectively reducing these models to their low-bit counterparts without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Aozhong Zhang , Zi Yang , Naigang Wang , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin , Xin Li , Penghang Yin

Quantization is a technique for creating efficient Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), which involves performing computations and storing tensors at lower bit-widths than f32 floating point precision. Quantization reduces model size and inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Eliska Kloberdanz , Wei Le