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The non-linear gravitational-wave memory effect is a prediction of general relativity in which test masses are permanently displaced by gravitational radiation. We implement a method for calculating the expected memory waveform from an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-26 Colm Talbot , Eric Thrane , Paul D. Lasky , Fuhui Lin

Gravitational memory effects and the BMS freedoms exhibited at future null infinity have recently been resolved and utilized in numerical relativity simulations. With this, gravitational wave models and our understanding of the fundamental…

In the first paper in this series, we introduced "persistent gravitational wave observables" as a framework for generalizing the gravitational wave memory effect. These observables are nonlocal in time and nonzero in the presence of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-20 Éanna É. Flanagan , Alexander M. Grant , Abraham I. Harte , David A. Nichols

We study the impact of quantum corrections to gravitational waveforms on the gravitational wave memory effect. In certain quantum gravity theories and semi-classical frameworks, black holes (or other exotic compact objects) exhibit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-31 Nils Deppe , Lavinia Heisenberg , Lawrence E. Kidder , David Maibach , Sizheng Ma , Jordan Moxon , Kyle C. Nelli , William Throwe , Nils L. Vu

Gravitational waves are a sensitive probe into the structure of compact astronomical objects and the nature of gravity in the strong regime. Modifications of near-horizon physics can imprint on the late time ringdown waveform, leaving…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-29 Yu-Xin Huang , Jiu-Ci Xu , Shuang-Yong Zhou

Gravitational wave (GW) memory, a permanent distortion of the space-time metric, is anticipated during the acceleration of relativistic jets in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). While the precise mechanism behind GRBs is not yet fully understood,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-23 Yusuke Sakai , Ryo Yamazaki , Yoshihiro Okutani , Satsuki Ueno , Norichika Sago , Marco Meyer-Conde , Hirotaka Takahashi

In this short paper we investigate quantum gravitational effects on Einstein's equations using effective field theory techniques. We consider the leading order quantum gravitational correction to the wave equation. Besides the usual…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-24 Xavier Calmet , Iberê Kuntz , Sonali Mohapatra

Astrometric observations can, in principle, be used to detect gravitational waves. In this paper we give a practical overview of the gravitational wave effects which can be expected specifically in small-field astrometric data. Particular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-12 Robin Geyer , Sven Zschocke , Michael Soffel , Sergei Klioner , Lennart Lindegren , Uwe Lammers

Gravitational shockwaves are simple exact solutions of Einstein equations representing the fields of ultrarelativistic sources and idealized gravitational waves (shocks). Historically, much work has focused on shockwaves in the context of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-24 Finnian Gray , David Kubiznak , Taillte May , Sydney Timmerman , Erickson Tjoa

Gravitational wave memory is a nonoscillatory correction to the gravitational wave strain predicted by general relativity, which has yet to be detected. Within general relativity, its dominant component, known as the null memory, can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-26 Lavinia Heisenberg , Nicolás Yunes , Jann Zosso

Gravitational-wave (GW) memory effects produce permanent shifts in the GW strain and its time integrals after the passage of a burst of GWs. Their presence is closely tied to symmetries of asymptotically flat spacetimes and fluxes of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-22 Shammi Tahura , David A. Nichols , Kent Yagi

In this paper, we explore how a massless Tachyon field, when non-minimally coupled to gravity, affects gravitational memory, soft theorems, and symmetries near null infinity. We set up the model using both the Jordan and Einstein frames,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-03 Pouneh Safarzadeh Ilkhchi , Amin Rezaei Akbarieh , Ali Seraj

Gravitational shockwaves produce perturbations of field systems. We study classical scalar and electromagnetic fields and gravitational memory effects left after the action on the fields of plane-fronted gravitational shockwaves. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-28 Dmitri V. Fursaev

The nonlinear memory effect is a slowly-growing, non-oscillatory contribution to the gravitational-wave amplitude. It originates from gravitational waves that are sourced by the previously emitted waves. In an ideal gravitational-wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-27 Marc Favata

We present a unified investigation of memory effect in Einstein-Maxwell theory. We specify two types of memory effect, a velocity kick and a position displacement, by examining the motion of a single free falling charged test particle. Our…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-24 Pujian Mao , Wen-Di Tan

We generalize our previous linear result [1] in obtaining gravitational waves from our piecewise flat model for gravity in 3+1 dimensions to exact piecewise flat configurations describing exact planar gravitational waves. We show explicitly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-28 Maarten van de Meent

In this paper, we explore the feasibility of detecting gravitomagnetic effects generated by gravitational waves, by monitoring the relative orientation of the angular momentum vectors of test particles. We analyze the response of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-15 Yu-Qi Dong , Zhoujian Cao , Yu-Xiao Liu

Particles initially at rest hit by a passing sandwich gravitational wave exhibit, in general, thevelocity memory effect (VM): they fly apart with constant velocity. For specific values of the wave parameters their motion can however become…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-14 P. -M. Zhang , P. A. Horvathy

In this paper we introduce a new approach to the study of the effects that an impulsive wave, containing a mixture of material sources and gravitational waves, has on a geodesic congruence that traverses it. We find that the effect of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-30 Martin O'Loughlin , Hovhannes Demirchian

Gravitational waves offer a potent mean to test the underlying theory of gravity. In general theories of gravity, such as scalar-tensor theories, one expects modifications in the friction term and the sound speed in the gravitational wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-17 Yi-Fu Cai , Guillem Domènech , Alexander Ganz , Jie Jiang , Chunshan Lin , Bo Wang