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We start by studying the subgroup structures underlying stabilizer circuits and we use our results to propose a new normal form for stabilizer circuits. This normal form is computed by induction using simple conjugation rules in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-05 Marc Bataille

This work presents a precise connection between Clifford circuits, Shor's factoring algorithm and several other famous quantum algorithms with exponential quantum speed-ups for solving Abelian hidden subgroup problems. We show that all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-18 Juan Bermejo-Vega , Cedric Yen-Yu Lin , Maarten Van den Nest

Bravyi and Gosset recently gave classical simulation algorithms for quantum circuits dominated by Clifford operations. These algorithms scale exponentially with the number of T-gate in the circuit, but polynomially in the number of qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 Yifei Huang , Peter Love

We investigate stabilizer codes with carrier qudits of equal dimension $D$, an arbitrary integer greater than 1. We prove that there is a direct relation between the dimension of a qudit stabilizer code and the size of its corresponding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Vlad Gheorghiu

Clifford codes are a class of quantum error control codes that form a natural generalization of stabilizer codes. These codes were introduced in 1996 by Knill, but only a single Clifford code was known, which is not already a stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Andreas Klappenecker , Martin Roetteler

Finite group extensions offer a natural language to quantum computing. In a nutshell, one roughly describes the action of a quantum computer as consisting of two finite groups of gates: error gates from the general Pauli group P and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Michel Planat , Philippe Jorrand

Various algorithms have been developed to simulate quantum circuits on classical hardware. Among the most prominent are approaches based on \emph{stabilizer decompositions} and \emph{tensor network contraction}. In this work, we present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Julien Codsi , Tuomas Laakkonen

The Clifford group is a finite subgroup of the unitary group generated by the Hadamard, the CNOT, and the Phase gates. This group plays a prominent role in quantum error correction, randomized benchmarking protocols, and the study of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Sergey Bravyi , Ruslan Shaydulin , Shaohan Hu , Dmitri Maslov

Clifford quantum circuits are elementary invertible transformations of quantum systems that map Pauli operators to Pauli operators. We study periodic one-parameter families of Clifford circuits, called loops of Clifford circuits, acting on…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-11-30 Roman Geiko , Yichen Hu

The theory of matchgates is of interest in various areas in physics and computer science. Matchgates occur in e.g. the study of fermions and spin chains, in the theory of holographic algorithms and in several recent works in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 M. Van den Nest

We consider the problem of fault-tolerant quantum computation in the presence of slow error diagnostics, either caused by measurement latencies or slow decoding algorithms. Our scheme offers a few improvements over previously existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-08 Christopher Chamberland , Pavithran Iyer , David Poulin

Exact classical simulation of fault-tolerant quantum circuits remains limited by a tradeoff between exponential state vector scaling, exponential $T$-count scaling in stabilizer-rank approaches, and per-shot tracking overhead in sparse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Bradley A. Chase , Farrokh Labib

We revisit the Pauli-Clifford connection to introduce a real, grade-preserving algebraic framework for $n$-qubit quantum computation based on the tensor product $C\ell_{2,0}(\mathbb{R})^{\otimes n}$. In this setting, the bivector $J =…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Kagwe A. Muchane

Given some group $G$ of logical gates, for instance the Clifford group, what are the quantum encodings for which these logical gates can be implemented by simple physical operations, described by some physical representation of $G$? We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Aurélie Denys , Anthony Leverrier

We construct a polynomial-time classical algorithm that samples from the output distribution of noisy geometrically local Clifford circuits with any product-state input and single-qubit measurements in any basis. Our results apply to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Jon Nelson , Joel Rajakumar , Dominik Hangleiter , Michael J. Gullans

Determining the quantum-classical boundary between quantum circuits which can be efficiently simulated classically and those which cannot remains a fundamental question. One approach to classical simulation is to represent the output of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Zejun Liu , Bryan K. Clark

We suggest Clifford algebra as a useful simplifying language for present quantum dynamics. Clifford algebras arise from representations of the permutation groups as they arise from representations of the rotation groups. Aggregates using…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 James Baugh , David Ritz Finkelstein , Andrei Galiautdinov , Heinrich Saller

Conformal field theories (CFTs) in Euclidean signature satisfy well-accepted rules, such as conformal invariance and the convergent Euclidean operator product expansion (OPE). Nowadays, it is common to assume that CFT correlators exist and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-02 Jiaxin Qiao

In the task of quantum state learning, one receives some data about measurements performed on a state, and using that, must make predictions on the outcomes of unseen measurements. Computing a prediction is generally hard but it has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-19 Mithuna Yoganathan

Flag verification techniques are useful in quantum error correction for detecting critical faults. Here we present an application of flag verification techniques to improving post-selected performance of near-term algorithms. We extend the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 Dripto M. Debroy , Kenneth R. Brown