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We study real solutions of a class of Painleve VI equations. To each such solution we associate a geometric object, a one-parametric family of circular pentagons. We describe an algorithm which permits to compute the numbers of zeros,…
In this paper, we use Sakai's geometric framework to explore the profound interconnection between recurrence coefficients of the semiclassical Laguerre weight $w(x)=x^{\lambda}\mathrm{e}^{-x^2+sx}$, $x\in\mathbb{R}^+$, $\lambda>-1$,…
Based on the matrix-resolvent approach, for an arbitrary solution to the discrete KdV hierarchy, we define the tau-function of the solution, and compare it with another tau-function of the solution defined via reduction of the Toda lattice…
Using methods developed in multivariate splines, we present an explicit formula for discrete truncated powers, which are defined as the number of non-negative integer solutions of linear Diophantine equations. We further use the formula to…
In this paper, we construct higher-order generalizations of the $A_6^{(1)}$- and $A_4^{(1)}$-surface type $q$-Painlev\'e equations from the system of partial difference equations with the consistency around a cube property by periodic…
The third Painlev\'e equation in its generic form, often referred to as Painlev\'e-III($D_6$), is given by $$ \frac{{\rm d}^2u}{{\rm d}x^2} =\frac{1}{u}\left(\frac{{\rm d}u}{{\rm d}x}\right)^2-\frac{1}{x}\frac{{\rm d}u}{{\rm…
The Matrix Bochner Problem aims to classify weight matrices $W$ such that the algebra $\mathcal D(W)$, of all differential operators that have a sequence of matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials for $W$ as eigenfunctions, contains a…
It is well known that the Painlev\'e equations can formally degenerate to autonomous differential equations with elliptic function solutions in suitable scaling limits. A way to make this degeneration rigorous is to apply Deift-Zhou…
We study global anomalies of discrete gauge symmetries in six-dimensional supergravities and their realizations in F-theory. We explicitly construct a discrete Green-Schwarz mechanism that depends on the choice of a coupling constant and on…
The first, second and fourth Painlev\'{e} equations are studied by means of dynamical systems theory and three dimensional weighted projective spaces $\C P^3(p,q,r,s)$ with suitable weights $(p,q,r,s)$ determined by the Newton diagrams of…
In this paper, we introduce a novel first-order derivative for functions on a lattice graph, which extends the discrete Laplacian and generalizes the theory of discrete PDEs on lattices. First, we establish the well-posedness of generalized…
By applying suitable centrality condition to non-commutative non-isospectral lattice modified Gel'fand-Dikii type systems we obtain the corresponding non-autonomous equations. Then we derive non-commutative q-discrete Painleve VI equation…
The Seiberg-Witten equations that have recently found important applications for four-dimensional geometry are the Euler-Lagrange equations for a functional involving a connection $A$ on a line bundle $L$ and a section $\phi$ of another…
The discrete Painlev\'e equations have mathematical properties closely related to those of the differential Painlev\'e equations. We investigate the appearance of elliptic functions as limiting behaviours of $q$-Painlev\'e transcendents,…
The overlap Dirac operator, which satisfies the Ginsparg-Wilson relation, realizes exact chiral symmetry on the lattice without any unphysical doubler modes. To perform the path integrals, one should, however, note that the overlap fermion…
In analogy with the Liouville case we study the $sl_3$ Toda theory on the lattice and define the relevant quadratic algebra and out of it we recover the discrete $W_3$ algebra. We define an integrable system with respect to the latter and…
In these notes, using the method of differential constraints, novel exact kink-like solutions are obtained for certain classes of complex Ginzburg--Landau equations with cubic-quintic nonlinearity. The foregoing solutions are presented in…
I propose a mathematical framework for embedding an unshaped discrete lattice $L$ on a smooth manifold $M$. This framework simplifies complex concepts in pure mathematics and physics by connecting discrete lattice structures with continuous…
The sixth Painleve equation arises from a Drinfel'd-Sokolov hierarchy associated with the affine Lie algebra of type D_4 by similarity reduction.
We consider the extended discrete KP hierarchy and show that similarity reduction of its subhierarchies lead to purely discrete equations with dependence on some number of parameters together with equations governing deformations with…