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The standard LSTM recurrent neural networks while very powerful in long-range dependency sequence applications have highly complex structure and relatively large (adaptive) parameters. In this work, we present empirical comparison between…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-01-13 Yuzhen Lu , Fathi M. Salem

Recurrent neural networks can learn to predict upcoming words remarkably well on average; in syntactically complex contexts, however, they often assign unexpectedly high probabilities to ungrammatical words. We investigate to what extent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Marten van Schijndel , Aaron Mueller , Tal Linzen

One of the fundamental principles of contemporary linguistics states that language processing requires the ability to extract recursively nested tree structures. However, it remains unclear whether and how this code could be implemented in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Yair Lakretz , Théo Desbordes , Jean-Rémi King , Benoît Crabbé , Maxime Oquab , Stanislas Dehaene

Ensembling word embeddings to improve distributed word representations has shown good success for natural language processing tasks in recent years. These approaches either carry out straightforward mathematical operations over a set of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-14 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

Recursive processing in sentence comprehension is considered a hallmark of human linguistic abilities. However, its underlying neural mechanisms remain largely unknown. We studied whether a modern artificial neural network trained with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yair Lakretz , Dieuwke Hupkes , Alessandra Vergallito , Marco Marelli , Marco Baroni , Stanislas Dehaene

Regularization of neural machine translation is still a significant problem, especially in low-resource settings. To mollify this problem, we propose regressing word embeddings (ReWE) as a new regularization technique in a system that is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Ehsan Zare Borzeshi , Nazanin Esmaili , Massimo Piccardi

We perform text normalization, i.e. the transformation of words from the written to the spoken form, using a memory augmented neural network. With the addition of dynamic memory access and storage mechanism, we present a neural architecture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Subhojeet Pramanik , Aman Hussain

We discuss the effects of common synaptic inputs in a recurrent neural network. Because of the effects of these common synaptic inputs, the correlation between neural inputs cannot be ignored, and thus the network exhibits sample…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-09-29 Masaki Kawamura , Michiko Yamana , Masato Okada

Contextualized word embedding models, such as ELMo, generate meaningful representations of words and their context. These models have been shown to have a great impact on downstream applications. However, in many cases, the contextualized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Weijia Shi , Muhao Chen , Pei Zhou , Kai-Wei Chang

Many efforts have been devoted to training generative latent variable models with autoregressive decoders, such as recurrent neural networks (RNN). Stochastic recurrent models have been successful in capturing the variability observed in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-17 Anirudh Goyal , Alessandro Sordoni , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Nan Rosemary Ke , Yoshua Bengio

Semantically meaningful sentence embeddings are important for numerous tasks in natural language processing. To obtain such embeddings, recent studies explored the idea of utilizing synthetically generated data from pretrained language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Taehee Kim , ChaeHun Park , Jimin Hong , Radhika Dua , Edward Choi , Jaegul Choo

Recently, recurrent neural networks have become state-of-the-art in acoustic modeling for automatic speech recognition. The long short-term memory (LSTM) units are the most popular ones. However, alternative units like gated recurrent unit…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-18 Jan Vanek , Josef Michalek , Jan Zelinka , Josef Psutka

There have been many successful applications of sentence embedding methods. However, it has not been well understood what properties are captured in the resulting sentence embeddings depending on the supervision signals. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Hayato Tsukagoshi , Ryohei Sasano , Koichi Takeda

Countless learning tasks require dealing with sequential data. Image captioning, speech synthesis, and music generation all require that a model produce outputs that are sequences. In other domains, such as time series prediction, video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Zachary C. Lipton , John Berkowitz , Charles Elkan

Recurrent neural networks are a widely used class of neural architectures. They have, however, two shortcomings. First, it is difficult to understand what exactly they learn. Second, they tend to work poorly on sequences requiring long-term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Cheng Wang , Mathias Niepert

Pair-based metric learning has been widely adopted to learn sentence embedding in many NLP tasks such as semantic text similarity due to its efficiency in computation. Most existing works employed a sequence encoder model and utilized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Li Zhang , Han Wang , Lingxiao Li

Autoregressive language models (LMs) generate one token at a time, yet human reasoning operates over higher-level abstractions - sentences, propositions, and concepts. This contrast raises a central question- Can LMs likewise learn to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hyeonbin Hwang , Byeongguk Jeon , Seungone Kim , Jiyeon Kim , Hoyeon Chang , Sohee Yang , Seungpil Won , Dohaeng Lee , Youbin Ahn , Minjoon Seo

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), and specifically a variant with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are enjoying renewed interest as a result of successful applications in a wide range of machine learning problems that involve sequential data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-18 Andrej Karpathy , Justin Johnson , Li Fei-Fei

Various methods using machine and deep learning have been proposed to tackle different tasks in predictive process monitoring, forecasting for an ongoing case e.g. the most likely next event or suffix, its remaining time, or an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Jari Peeperkorn , Seppe vanden Broucke , Jochen De Weerdt

We propose a neural language model capable of unsupervised syntactic structure induction. The model leverages the structure information to form better semantic representations and better language modeling. Standard recurrent neural networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Yikang Shen , Zhouhan Lin , Chin-Wei Huang , Aaron Courville