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Many models used in artificial intelligence and cognitive science rely on multi-element patterns stored in "slots" - dedicated storage locations - in a digital computer. As biological brains likely lack slots, we consider how they might…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Shaunak Bhandarkar , James L. McClelland

The theory of persistence, which arises from topological data analysis, has been intensively studied in the one-parameter case both theoretically and in its applications. However, its extension to the multi-parameter case raises numerous…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Nicolas Berkouk

Associative memory architectures are designed for memorization but also offer, through their retrieval method, a form of generalization to unseen inputs: stored memories can be seen as prototypes from this point of view. Focusing on Modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Matan Abudy , Nur Lan , Emmanuel Chemla , Roni Katzir

Transformer-based models have demonstrated exceptional performance across diverse domains, becoming the state-of-the-art solution for addressing sequential machine learning problems. Even though we have a general understanding of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-06-12 Ángel Poc-López , Miguel Aguilera

The theory of pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems is extended to the case of a directed network. Due to the structure of the network Laplacian of the scrutinised system, the dispersion relation has both real and imaginary parts,…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2014-08-01 Malbor Asllani , Joseph D. Challenger , Francesco Saverio Pavone , Leonardo Sacconi , Duccio Fanelli

Associative memory models, such as Hopfield networks and their modern variants, have garnered renewed interest due to advancements in memory capacity and connections with self-attention in transformers. In this work, we introduce a unified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Saul Santos , Vlad Niculae , Daniel McNamee , André F. T. Martins

An Ashkin-Teller neural network, allowing for two types of neurons is considered in the case of low loading as a function of the strength of the respective couplings between these neurons. The storage and retrieval of embedded patterns…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 D. Bolle , P. Kozlowski

The stability of localization in the presence of interactions remains an open problem, with finite-size effects posing significant challenges to numerical studies. In this work, we investigate the perturbative stability of noninteracting…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-05 Jessica Kaijia Jiang , Federica Maria Surace , Olexei I. Motrunich

We discuss how inference can be performed when data are sampled from the non-ergodic phase of systems with multiple attractors. We take as model system the finite connectivity Hopfield model in the memory phase and suggest a cavity method…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-09-03 A. Braunstein , A. Ramezanpour , R. Zecchina , P. Zhang

Turing instability in activator-inhibitor systems provides a paradigm of nonequilibrium pattern formation; it has been extensively investigated for biological and chemical processes. Turing pattern formation should furthermore be possible…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2010-05-13 Hiroya Nakao , Alexander S. Mikhailov

In this work, we first revise some extensions of the standard Hopfield model in the low storage limit, namely the correlated attractor case and the multitasking case recently introduced by the authors. The former case is based on a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2012-05-23 Elena Agliari , Adriano Barra , Andrea De Antoni , Andrea Galluzzi

Localized patterns are coherent structures embedded in a quiescent state and occur in both discrete and continuous media across a wide range of applications. While it is well-understood how domain covering patterns (for example stripes and…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-03-19 Jason J. Bramburger , Dan J. Hill , David J. B. Lloyd

As attribution-based explanation methods are increasingly used to establish model trustworthiness in high-stakes situations, it is critical to ensure that these explanations are stable, e.g., robust to infinitesimal perturbations to an…

We study a model of spiking neurons, with recurrent connections that result from learning a set of spatio-temporal patterns with a spike-timing dependent plasticity rule and a global inhibition. We investigate the ability of the network to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-22 S. Scarpetta , A. de Candia

The organizational principles behind the connectivity of a complex network are known to influence its behavior. In this work we investigate, using the Hopfield model, the influence of the network architecture on the performance for…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 E. P. Rodrigues , M. S. Barbosa , L. da F. Costa

The standard consolidation theory states that short-term memories located in the hippocampus enable the consolidation of long-term memories in the neocortex. In other words, the neocortex slowly learns long-term memories with a transient…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-05 Lisa Blum Moyse , Hugues Berry

In this paper we develop conditions for various types of stability in social networks governed by Imitation of Success principle. Considering so-called Prisoner's Dilemma as the base of node-to-node game in the network we obtain well-known…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Aleksey Ogulenko

Energy-based probabilistic models learned by maximizing the likelihood of the data are limited by the intractability of the partition function. A widely used workaround is to maximize the pseudo-likelihood, which replaces the global…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-31 Francesco D'Amico , Dario Bocchi , Luca Maria Del Bono , Saverio Rossi , Matteo Negri

Dense Associative Memory (DAM) generalizes Hopfield networks through higher-order interactions and achieves storage capacity that scales as $O(N^{n-1})$ under suitable pattern separation conditions. Existing dynamical analyses primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Madhava Gaikwad

The associative memory model is a typical neural network model, which can store discretely distributed fixed-point attractors as memory patterns. When the network stores the memory patterns extensively, however, the model has other…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-11-27 Shin Murata , Yosuke Otsubo , Kenji Nagata , Masato Okada