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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are crucial in various applications, but their deployment on resource-constrained edge devices poses challenges. This study presents the Sum-of-Products (SOP) units for convolution, which utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Muhammad Sohail Ibrahim , Muhammad Usman , Jeong-A Lee

High-resolution images enable neural networks to learn richer visual representations. However, this improved performance comes at the cost of growing computational complexity, hindering their usage in latency-sensitive applications. As not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Xuanyao Chen , Zhijian Liu , Haotian Tang , Li Yi , Hang Zhao , Song Han

In this paper, we introduce "Power Linear Unit" (PoLU) which increases the nonlinearity capacity of a neural network and thus helps improving its performance. PoLU adopts several advantages of previously proposed activation functions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Yikang Li , Pak Lun Kevin Ding , Baoxin Li

Convolutional neural networks necessitate good algorithms to reduce complexity, and sufficient utilization of parallel processors for acceleration. Within convolutional layers, there are three types of operators: convolution used in forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Zhiyi Zhang , Pengfei Zhang , Zhuopin Xu , Qi Wang

When optimizing a nonlinear objective, one can employ a neural network as a surrogate for the nonlinear function. However, the resulting optimization model can be time-consuming to solve globally with exact methods. As a result, local…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Jiatai Tong , Yilin Zhu , Thiago Serra , Samuel Burer

A general procedure for introducing parametric, learned, nonlinearity into activation functions is found to enhance the accuracy of representative neural networks without requiring significant additional computational resources. Examples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 David Yevick

Deepening and widening convolutional neural networks (CNNs) significantly increases the number of trainable weight parameters by adding more convolutional layers and feature maps per layer, respectively. By imposing inter- and intra-group…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Kevin Bui , Fredrick Park , Shuai Zhang , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin

In this paper, we demonstrate how to leverage 2:4 sparsity, a popular hardware-accelerated GPU sparsity pattern, to activations to accelerate large language model training and inference. Crucially we exploit the intrinsic sparsity found in…

In this paper we investigate the family of functions representable by deep neural networks (DNN) with rectified linear units (ReLU). We give an algorithm to train a ReLU DNN with one hidden layer to *global optimality* with runtime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Raman Arora , Amitabh Basu , Poorya Mianjy , Anirbit Mukherjee

In this paper, we introduce a novel type of Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU), called a Dual Rectified Linear Unit (DReLU). A DReLU, which comes with an unbounded positive and negative image, can be used as a drop-in replacement for a tanh…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Fréderic Godin , Jonas Degrave , Joni Dambre , Wesley De Neve

Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs) have been shown to ameliorate the vanishing gradient problem, allow for efficient backpropagation, and empirically promote sparsity in the learned parameters. They have led to state-of-the-art results in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-30 Xingyuan Pan , Vivek Srikumar

Despite strong empirical performance for image classification, deep neural networks are often regarded as ``black boxes'' and they are difficult to interpret. On the other hand, sparse convolutional models, which assume that a signal can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Xili Dai , Mingyang Li , Pengyuan Zhai , Shengbang Tong , Xingjian Gao , Shao-Lun Huang , Zhihui Zhu , Chong You , Yi Ma

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) perform well on problems such as handwriting recognition and image classification. However, the performance of the networks is often limited by budget and time constraints, particularly when trying to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Benjamin Graham

A wide range of verification methods have been proposed to verify the safety properties of deep neural networks ensuring that the networks function correctly in critical applications. However, many well-known verification tools still…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Yuyi Zhong , Ruiwei Wang , Siau-Cheng Khoo

Trainings of Large Language Models are generally bottlenecked by matrix multiplications. In the Transformer architecture, a large portion of these operations happens in the Feed Forward Network (FFN), and this portion increases for larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Meghana Madhyastha , Daniel Haziza , Jesse Cai , Newsha Ardalani , Zhiqi Bu , Carole-Jean Wu

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), one of the key architectures of deep learning models, have achieved superior performance on many machine learning tasks such as image classification, video recognition, and power systems. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Hanxiao Lu , Zeyu Huang , Ren Wang

Linear recurrent neural networks enable powerful long-range sequence modeling with constant memory usage and time-per-token during inference. These architectures hold promise for streaming applications at the edge, but deployment in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Alessandro Pierro , Steven Abreu , Jonathan Timcheck , Philipp Stratmann , Andreas Wild , Sumit Bam Shrestha

Neural networks have shown tremendous potential for reconstructing high-resolution images in inverse problems. The non-convex and opaque nature of neural networks, however, hinders their utility in sensitive applications such as medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Arda Sahiner , Morteza Mardani , Batu Ozturkler , Mert Pilanci , John Pauly

We introduce and analyze a new technique for model reduction for deep neural networks. While large networks are theoretically capable of learning arbitrarily complex models, overfitting and model redundancy negatively affects the prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Alireza Aghasi , Afshin Abdi , Nam Nguyen , Justin Romberg

Deep neural networks with lots of parameters are typically used for large-scale computer vision tasks such as image classification. This is a result of using dense matrix multiplications and convolutions. However, sparse computations are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Suraj Srinivas , Akshayvarun Subramanya , R. Venkatesh Babu