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The Rectified Linear Unit is currently a state-of-the-art activation function in deep convolutional neural networks. To combat ReLU's dying neuron problem, we propose the Parametric Variational Linear Unit (PVLU), which adds a sinusoidal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Aarush Gupta , Shikhar Ahuja

The focus of this paper is speeding up the evaluation of convolutional neural networks. While delivering impressive results across a range of computer vision and machine learning tasks, these networks are computationally demanding, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-05-16 Max Jaderberg , Andrea Vedaldi , Andrew Zisserman

The choice of activation function can have a large effect on the performance of a neural network. While there have been some attempts to hand-engineer novel activation functions, the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) remains the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Garrett Bingham , William Macke , Risto Miikkulainen

Driven by deep learning, there has been a surge of specialized processors for matrix multiplication, referred to as TensorCore Units (TCUs). These TCUs are capable of performing matrix multiplications on small matrices (usually 4x4 or…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Abdul Dakkak , Cheng Li , Isaac Gelado , Jinjun Xiong , Wen-mei Hwu

Deep neural networks have been successful in many predictive modeling tasks, such as image and language recognition, where large neural networks are often used to obtain good accuracy. Consequently, it is challenging to deploy these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Thiago Serra , Abhinav Kumar , Srikumar Ramalingam

Rectified linear units (ReLU) are commonly used in deep neural networks. So far ReLU and its generalizations (non-parametric or parametric) are static, performing identically for all input samples. In this paper, we propose dynamic ReLU…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Yinpeng Chen , Xiyang Dai , Mengchen Liu , Dongdong Chen , Lu Yuan , Zicheng Liu

We introduce the "inverse square root linear unit" (ISRLU) to speed up learning in deep neural networks. ISRLU has better performance than ELU but has many of the same benefits. ISRLU and ELU have similar curves and characteristics. Both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Brad Carlile , Guy Delamarter , Paul Kinney , Akiko Marti , Brian Whitney

Rectified Linear Units (ReLU) are the default choice for activation functions in deep neural networks. While they demonstrate excellent empirical performance, ReLU activations can fall victim to the dead neuron problem. In these cases, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Tim Whitaker , Darrell Whitley

We can compress a rectifier network while exactly preserving its underlying functionality with respect to a given input domain if some of its neurons are stable. However, current approaches to determine the stability of neurons with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Thiago Serra , Xin Yu , Abhinav Kumar , Srikumar Ramalingam

Phenomenally successful in practical inference problems, convolutional neural networks (CNN) are widely deployed in mobile devices, data centers, and even supercomputers. The number of parameters needed in CNNs, however, are often large and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Jongsoo Park , Sheng Li , Wei Wen , Ping Tak Peter Tang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen , Pradeep Dubey

We develop exact representations of training two-layer neural networks with rectified linear units (ReLUs) in terms of a single convex program with number of variables polynomial in the number of training samples and the number of hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Mert Pilanci , Tolga Ergen

We show implicit filter level sparsity manifests in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) which employ Batch Normalization and ReLU activation, and are trained with adaptive gradient descent techniques and L2 regularization or weight decay.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Dushyant Mehta , Kwang In Kim , Christian Theobalt

This paper is focused on the improvement the efficiency of the sparse convolutional neural networks (CNNs) layers on graphic processing units (GPU). The Nvidia deep neural network (cuDnn) library provides the most effective implementation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Marcin Pietroń , Dominik Żurek

How to improve the efficiency of routing procedures in CapsNets has been studied a lot. However, the efficiency of capsule convolutions has largely been neglected. Capsule convolution, which uses capsules rather than neurons as the basic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Zhenhua Chen , Xiwen Li , Qian Lou , David Crandall

Inspired by the robustness and efficiency of sparse representation in sparse coding based image restoration models, we investigate the sparsity of neurons in deep networks. Our method structurally enforces sparsity constraints upon hidden…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Yuchen Fan , Jiahui Yu , Yiqun Mei , Yulun Zhang , Yun Fu , Ding Liu , Thomas S. Huang

While deep neural networks (DNNs) have proven to be efficient for numerous tasks, they come at a high memory and computation cost, thus making them impractical on resource-limited devices. However, these networks are known to contain a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Anthony Berthelier , Yongzhe Yan , Thierry Chateau , Christophe Blanc , Stefan Duffner , Christophe Garcia

We explore techniques to significantly improve the compute efficiency and performance of Deep Convolution Networks without impacting their accuracy. To improve the compute efficiency, we focus on achieving high accuracy with extremely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-04 Ganesh Venkatesh , Eriko Nurvitadhi , Debbie Marr

Scientific workloads have traditionally exploited high levels of sparsity to accelerate computation and reduce memory requirements. While deep neural networks can be made sparse, achieving practical speedups on GPUs is difficult because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Trevor Gale , Matei Zaharia , Cliff Young , Erich Elsen

Sparsification of neural networks is one of the effective complexity reduction methods to improve efficiency and generalizability. We consider the problem of learning a one hidden layer convolutional neural network with ReLU activation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Thu Dinh , Jack Xin

Convolutional neural network (CNN) is an important deep learning method. The convolution operation takes a large proportion of the total execution time for CNN. Feature maps for convolution operation are usually sparse. Multiplications and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Weizhi Xu , Yintai Sun , fhengyu Fan , Hui Yu , Xin Fu