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An accurate and efficient method dealing with the few-body dynamics is important for simulating collisional N-body systems like star clusters and to follow the formation and evolution of compact binaries. We describe such a method which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-21 Long Wang , Keigo Nitadori , Junichiro Makino

Direct N-body simulations and symplectic integrators are effective tools to study the long-term evolution of planetary systems. The Wisdom-Holman (WH) integrator in particular has been used extensively in planetary dynamics as it allows for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-02 Hanno Rein , Daniel Tamayo , Garett Brown

The kinetic term of the $N$-body Hamiltonian system defined on the surface of the sphere is non-separable. As a result, standard explicit symplectic integrators are inapplicable. We exploit an underlying hierarchy in the structure of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-23 Ana Silva , Eitan Ben Av , Efi Efrati

This is the first in a series of papers devoted to fully general-relativistic $N$-body simulations applied to late-time cosmology. The purpose of this paper is to present the combination of a numerical relativity scheme, discretization…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-29 David Daverio , Yves Dirian , Ermis Mitsou

Symplectic integrators are the preferred method of solving conservative $N$-body problems in cosmological, stellar cluster, and planetary system simulations because of their superior error properties and ability to compute orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 David M. Hernandez

Several completely integrable, indeed solvable, Hamiltonian many-body problems are exhibited, characterized by Newtonian equations of motion ("acceleration equal force"), with linear and cubic forces, in N-dimensional space (N being an…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Bruschi , F. Calogero

The $N$-body problem is of historical significance because it was the first implementation of the Newtonian dynamical laws for the description of our Solar System. Motivated by this, the project's goal is to revisit this problem for small…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Achilleas Mavrakis , Konstantinos Kritos

We present an efficient variational integrator for multibody systems. Variational integrators reformulate the equations of motion for multibody systems as discrete Euler-Lagrange (DEL) equations, transforming forward integration into a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Jeongseok Lee , C. Karen Liu , Frank C. Park , Siddhartha S. Srinivasa

Several integration schemes exits to solve the equations of motion of the $N$-body problem. The Lie-integration method is based on the idea to solve ordinary differential equations with Lie-series. In the 1980s this method was applied for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Andras Pal , Aron Suli

$N$-body simulations study the dynamics of $N$ particles under the influence of mutual long-distant forces such as gravity. In practice, $N$-body codes will violate Newton's third law if they use either an approximate Poisson solver or…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-01 Qirong Zhu

Elegant integration schemes of second and fourth order for simulations of rigid body systems are presented which treat translational and rotational motion on the same footing. This is made possible by a recent implementation of the exact…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Ramses van Zon , Jeremy Schofield

We obtain a new exact equilibrium solution to the N-body problem in a one-dimensional relativistic self-gravitating system. It corresponds to an expanding/contracting spacetime of a circle with N bodies at equal proper separations from one…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 R. Kerner , R. B. Mann

Symplectic integrators are a foundation to the study of dynamical $N$-body phenomena, at scales ranging from from planetary to cosmological. These integrators preserve the Poincar\'e invariants of Hamiltonian dynamics. The $N$-body…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-09 David M. Hernandez

Chaos is present in most stellar dynamical systems and manifests itself through the exponential growth of small perturbations. Exponential divergence drives time irreversibility and increases the entropy in the system. A numerical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-19 Tjarda Boekholt , Simon Portegies Zwart , Mauri Valtonen

We construct a time-like Janus solution, which is mediated by a time-dependent dilaton field in asymptotic AdS spacetime. This solution breaks the null energy condition, but we argue that it is nevertheless useful as a toy model of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-03 Kenta Suzuki

The large dynamic range in some astrophysical N-body problems led to the use of adaptive multi-time-steps; however, the search for optimal strategies is still challenging. We numerically quantify the performance of the hierarchical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 G. Aguilar-Argüello , O. Valenzuela , J. C. Clemente , H. Velázquez , J. A. Trelles

We suggest a numerical integration procedure for solving the equations of motion of certain classical spin systems which preserves the underlying symplectic structure of the phase space. Such symplectic integrators have been successfully…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robin Steinigeweg , Heinz-Jürgen Schmidt

The gravitational N-body simulation in the Solar system was performed using different parallel approaches with the comparisons in the computational times and speed-up values being carried out under different model sizes and the number of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-03 Tailin Zhu

An explicit second-order numerical method to integrate the isokinetic equations of motion is derived by fitting circular arcs through every three consecutive points of the discretized trajectory, so that the tangent and the curvature…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Dimitri Laikov

The reproducibility of experiments is one of the main principles of the scientific method. However, numerical N-body experiments, especially those of planetary systems, are currently not reproducible. In the most optimistic scenario, they…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-26 Hanno Rein , Daniel Tamayo