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A brief survey is presented of new science that will emerge during the decades ahead from direct detection of gravitational radiation. Interferometers on earth and in space will probe the universe in an entirely new way by directly sensing…
The Advanced LIGO observatory recently reported the first direct detection of gravitational waves predicted by Einstein (1916). We report on the first optical observations of the Gravitational Wave (GW) source GW150914 error region with the…
We give formulas for individual black hole masses in a merger, by using Newtonian physics, in terms of the three measured quantities in the detector: the initial wave frequency $f_1$, the maximum detected frequency (chirp frequency) $f_2$,…
The detection of gravitational waves from the merger of binary black holes by the LIGO Collaboration has opened a new window to astrophysics. With the sensitivities of ground based detectors in the coming years we can only detect the local…
Following Einstein's definition of Lagrangian density and gravitational field energy density (Einstein, A., Ann. Phys. Lpz., 49, 806 (1916); Einstein, A., Phys. Z., 19, 115 (1918); Pauli, W., {\it Theory of Relativity}, B.I. Publications,…
On September 14, 2015, the newly upgraded Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) recorded a loud gravitational-wave (GW) signal, emitted a billion light-years away by a coalescing binary of two stellar-mass black holes.…
We study gravitational waves from a stellar-mass binary orbiting a spinning supermassive black hole, a system referred to as a binary extreme mass ratio inspiral (b-EMRI). We use Dixon's formalism to describe the stellar-mass binary as a…
The description of gravitational waves as explosion and implosion waves as predicted by Weber and Wheeler [{\it Rev. Mod. Phys. {\bf 29} 509 (1957)}] in Einstein and Rosen spacetime, has recently been confirmed following observations by the…
The direct detection of gravitational waves by ground-based interferometers opened an unprecedented channel to probe alternative theories of gravitation. Several theories predict a dispersion of the gravitational waves during their…
The rate of gravitational-wave energy loss from inspiralling binary systems of compact objects of arbitrary mass is derived through second post-Newtonian (2PN) order $O[(Gm/rc^2)^2]$ beyond the quadrupole approximation. The result has been…
The phenomenological nature of a new gravitational type interaction between two different bodies derived from Verlinde's entropic approach to gravitation in combination with Sorkin's definition of Universe's quantum information content, is…
Gravitational waves are expected to be radiated by supermassive black hole binaries formed during galaxy mergers. A stochastic superposition of gravitational waves from all such binary systems will modulate the arrival times of pulses from…
The discovery of gravitational waves by the international collaboration LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory)/Virgo on the one hand is a triumphant confirmation of the general theory of relativity, and on the other…
This article, produced as part of an undergraduate research class, aims to provide an overview of gravitational waves, though it does not offer a comprehensive review. We begin with a brief discussion regarding the history of gravitational…
Our concept of mass has evolved considerably over the centuries, most notably from Newton to Einstein, and then even more vigorously with the establishment of the standard model and the subsequent discovery of the Higgs boson. Mass is now…
It is argued that, in order for the gravitational field to be propagated as a wave, it is necessary for it to satisfy a further set of field equations, in addition to those of Einstein and Hilbert, and these equations mean there is a…
We investigate the interaction between a non-rotating black hole and incoming gravitational waves using the characteristic formulation of the Einstein field equations, framed as a Bondi problem. By adopting retarded time as the null…
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detection of gravitational waves that take away 5% of the total mass of two merging black holes points out on the importance of considering varying gravitational mass of a…
A comprehensive description is given of a space--time model of an accelerating massive particle. The particle radiates gravitational waves with optical shear. The wave fronts are smoothly deformed spheres and the particle experiences…
Inflation leads us to expect a spectrum of gravitational waves (tensor perturbations) extending to wavelengths much bigger than the present observable horizon. Although these gravity waves are not directly observable, the energy density…