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We formulate a relativistic hydrodynamic theory for fluids with spin and intrinsic dilation charges. Using an entropy-current analysis, we derive constitutive relations featuring a bulk viscosity and a dilation conductivity governing the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-19 Zhong-Hua Zhang , Xi-Hu Lv , Xu-Guang Huang

We make use of continuum elasticity theory to investigate the collective modes that propagate along the edge of a two-dimensional electron liquid or crystal in a magnetic field. An exact solution of the equations of motion is obtained with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Irene D'Amico , Giovanni Vignale

Electrons behave like a classical fluid with a momentum distribution function that varies slowly in space and time when the quantum mechanical carrier-carrier scattering dominates over all other scattering processes. Recent experiments in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-05-07 Derek Y. H. Ho , Indra Yudhistira , Nilotpal Chakraborty , Shaffique Adam

Electron gases in metals are described as quantum charged Newtonian viscous fluids experiencing Ohmic Darcy friction on the solid lattice ions as well. The dispersion relation of the electron acoustic waves is derived, which shows the…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-04-20 Radomir Slavchov , Roumen Tsekov

Close to the Dirac point, graphene is expected to exist in quantum critical Dirac fluid state, where the flow of both charge and heat can be described with a dc electrical conductivity $\sigma_\mathrm{Q}$, and thermodynamic variables such…

Nonlinear diffusion equations of spectral transfer are systematically derived for anisotropic magnetohydrodynamics in the regime of wave turbulence. The background of the analysis is the asymptotic Alfv\'en wave turbulence equations from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Sebastien Galtier , Eric Buchlin

A generalized Dirac equation is derived in order to describe charge carriers moving in corrugated graphene, which is the case for temperatures above 10{\deg}K due to the presence of flexural phonons. Such interaction is taken into account…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-10-12 Richard Kerner , Gerardo Naumis

Hydrodynamic flow occurs in an electron liquid when the mean free path for electron-electron collisions is the shortest length scale in the problem. In this regime, transport is described by the Navier-Stokes equation, which contains two…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-03-08 Alessandro Principi , Giovanni Vignale , Matteo Carrega , Marco Polini

Euler hydrodynamics of perfect fluids can be viewed as an effective bosonic field theory. In cases when the underlying microscopic system involves Dirac fermions, the quantum anomalies should be properly described. In 1+1 dimensions the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-17 Alexander G. Abanov , Andrea Cappelli

Viscous flow of interacting electrons in two dimensional materials features a bunch of exotic effects. A model resembling the Navier-Stokes equation for classical fluids accounts for them in the so called hydrodynamic regime. We performed a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Jorge Estrada-Álvarez , Francisco Domínguez-Adame , Elena Díaz

We study nonlinear hydrodynamic electron transport driven by an AC electric field. In noncentrosymmetric conductors with broken time-reversal (TR) symmetry the nonlinear flow of such liquids is nonreciprocal, giving rise to a DC current…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 E. Kirkinis , L. Bonds , A. Levchenko , A. V. Andreev

Hydrodynamic equations for a one-component plasma are derived as a generalization of the Euler equations to include the effects of the long-range Coulomb interaction. By using a variational principle, these equations self-consistently unify…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-03-20 Daniels Krimans , Seth Putterman

We propose a hydrodynamic model describing steady-state and dynamic electron and hole transport properties of graphene structures which accounts for the features of the electron and hole spectra. It is intended for electron-hole plasma in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 D. Svintsov , V. Vyurkov , S. Yurchenko , T. Otsuji , V. Ryzhii

Interactions between particles in quantum many-body systems can lead to collective behavior described by hydrodynamics. One such system is the electron-hole plasma in graphene near the charge neutrality point which can form a strongly…

The nonlocal electrodynamics of uniformly rotating systems is presented and its predictions are discussed. In this case, due to paucity of experimental data, the nonlocal theory cannot be directly confronted with observation at present. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-19 Bahram Mashhoon

Recent measurements at RHIC suggest that a nearly perfect fluid of quarks and gluons is produced in AA collisions. Moreover the passage of supersonic partons through this medium seems to produce waves. These waves might pile up and form…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-04-25 D. A. Fogaça , L. G. Ferreira Filho , F. S. Navarra

Linear fluctuating hydrodynamics is a useful and versatile tool for describing fluids, as well as other systems with conserved fields, on a mesoscopic scale. In one spatial dimension, however, transport is anomalous, which requires to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-01-05 Herbert Spohn

A great deal of theoretical and experimental efforts have been devoted in the last decades to the study of long-wavelength photodetection mechanisms in field-effect transistors hosting two-dimensional (2D) electron systems. A particularly…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-02-13 Alessandro Principi , Denis Bandurin , Habib Rostami , Marco Polini

Critical analyses of well-known methods of derivation of kinetic and hydrodynamic equations is presented. Another method of derivation of kinetic and hydrodynamic equations from classic mechanics is described. It is shown that equations of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2014-07-02 L. S. Kuz'menkov , P. A. Andreev

In highly conductive metals with sufficiently strong momentum-conserving scattering, the electron momentum is regarded as a long-lived quantity, whose dynamics is described by an emergent hydrodynamic theory. In this paper, we develop an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Riki Toshio , Kazuaki Takasan , Norio Kawakami