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Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises secure key agreement by using quantum mechanical systems. We argue that QKD will be an important part of future cryptographic infrastructures. It can provide long-term confidentiality for encrypted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-25 Douglas Stebila , Michele Mosca , Norbert Lütkenhaus

The existing decoy-state MDI-QKD theory assumes the perfect control of the source states which is a an impossible task for any real setup. In this paper, we study the decoy-state MDI-QKD method with source errors without any presumed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Cong Jiang , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

Quantum digital signature (QDS) is the quantum version of its classical counterpart, and can offer security against attacks of repudiation, signature forging and external eavesdropping, on the basis of quantum mechanical no-go principles.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Vinod N. Rao , Shrikant Utagi , Anirban Pathak , R. Srikanth

Device-independent (DI) certification allows the verification of quantum systems based solely on observed statistics, without assumptions about their internal structure. While self-testing, the strongest DI certification, of a wide range of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 Shubhayan Sarkar

Quantum digital signatures (QDS) exploit quantum laws to guarantee non-repudiation, unforgeability and transferability of messages with information-theoretic security. Current QDS protocols face two major restrictions, including the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-09 Yu-Shuo Lu , Xiao-Yu Cao , Chen-Xun Weng , Jie Gu , Yuan-Mei Xie , Min-Gang Zhou , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum cryptography holds the promise to establish an information-theoretically secure global network. All field tests of metropolitan-scale quantum networks to date are based on trusted relays. The security critically relies on the…

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) eliminates detector side-channel attacks by relocating all measurements to an untrusted intermediate node. However, its practical implementation critically relies on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 A. P. Pljonkin

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) enables the message sender to directly send secure messages to the receiver through the quantum channel without keys. Device-independent (DI) and measurement-device-independent (MDI) QSDC protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Cheng Liu , Cheng Zhang , Shi-Pu Gu , Xing-Fu Wang , Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng

Quantum digital signatures (QDSs) promise information-theoretic security against repudiation and forgery of messages. Compared with currently existing three-party QDS protocols, multiparty protocols have unique advantages in the practical…

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) was originally proposed as a means to address the issue of detector side-channel attacks and enable finite secure key rates over longer distances. However, the asymmetric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-18 Nilesh Sharma , Shashank Kumar Ranu , Prabha Mandayam , Anil Prabhakar

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution removes all detector-side attacks in quantum cryptography, and in the meantime doubles the secure distance. The source side, however, is still vulnerable to various attacks. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-23 Zhu Cao

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) represents a relaxation of the security assumptions made in usual quantum key distribution (QKD). As in usual QKD, the security of DIQKD follows from the laws of quantum physics, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-30 Stefano Pironio , Antonio Acin , Nicolas Brunner , Nicolas Gisin , Serge Massar , Valerio Scarani

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has often been hailed as a reliable technology for secure communication in cyber-physical microgrids. Even though unauthorized key measurements are not possible in QKD, attempts to read them can disturb…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Suman Rath , Neel Kanth Kundu , Subham Sahoo

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) aims to achieve secure key distribution with only minimal assumptions, by basing its security on the violation of Bell inequalities. While this offers strong security guarantees, it comes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-28 Ernest Y. -Z. Tan

Quantum key distribution (QKD), harnessing quantum physics and optoelectronics, may promise unconditionally secure information exchange in theory. Recently, theoretical and experimental advances in measurement-device-independent (MDI-) QKD…

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is the art of using untrusted devices to distribute secret keys in an insecure network. It thus represents the ultimate form of cryptography, offering not only information-theoretic…

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) enables two remote parties to share an information-theoretically secure key without any assumptions on the inner workings of the devices used. Device-independent conference key agreement…

Very recently, the experimental demonstration of Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) with state-of-the-art atomic quantum memory has been reported (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2017). Quantum Dialogue (QD) falls under QSDC where the secrete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-27 Arpita Maitra

Although multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) terahertz (THz) continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is theoretically secure, practical vulnerabilities may arise due to detector imperfections. This paper explores a CV…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-10 Leixin Wu , Congtian Deng , Jiayu Pan , Lingtao Zhang , Yanyan Feng , Runbo Zhao , Yang Shen , Yuying Zhang , Jian Zhou