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We introduce the idea of an n-simplex graph and games upon simplicial complexes. We then define moves on a labeled graph and pose the problem of whether given two labelings of a graph it is possible to change one into another via these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marc Zucker

This document reports on the use of an algebraic, visual, formal approach to the specification of patterns for the formalization of the GoF design patterns. The approach is based on graphs, morphisms and operations from category theory and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2010-03-18 Paolo Bottoni , Esther Guerra , Juan de Lara

On one hand, we study the class of graphs on surfaces, satisfying tessellation properties, with positive Forman curvature on each edge. Via medial graphs, we provide a new proof for the finiteness of the class, and give a complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-11 Yohji Akama , Bobo Hua , Yanhui Su , Haohang Zhang

A categorical formalism for directed graphs is introduced, featuring natural notions of morphisms and subgraphs, and leading to two elementary descriptions of the free-properad monad, first in terms of presheaves on elementary graphs,…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2016-10-04 Joachim Kock

Modern methods of graph theory describe a graph up to isomorphism, which makes it difficult to create mathematical models for visualizing graph drawings on a plane. The topological drawing of the planar part of a graph allows representing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Sergey Kurapov , Maxim Davidovsky

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to complete complex tasks by selecting and coordinating external tools across multiple steps. This requires aligning tool choices with subtask intent while satisfying directional execution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xinyi Gao , Xinyu Ren , Junliang Yu , Tong Chen , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin

GP (for Graph Programs) is a rule-based, nondeterministic programming language for solving graph problems at a high level of abstraction, freeing programmers from handling low-level data structures. The core of GP consists of four…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-04-08 Detlef Plump , Sandra Steinert

Graph models are helpful means of analyzing computer networks as well as complex system architectures for security. In this paper we evaluate the current state of research for representing and analysing cyber-attack using graph models, i.e.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Jasmin Wachter

Graphs are important data representations for describing objects and their relationships, which appear in a wide diversity of real-world scenarios. As one of a critical problem in this area, graph generation considers learning the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Xiaojie Guo , Liang Zhao

We present the basic ideas of forms (a generalization of Ehresmann's sketches) and their theories and models, more explicitly than in previous expositions. Forms provide the ability to specify mathematical structures and data types in any…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2008-09-19 Atish Bagchi , Charles Wells

We study twenty four written natural languages. We draw in the log scale, number of words starting with a letter vs rank of the letter, both normalised. We find that all the graphs are of the similar type. The graphs are tantalisingly…

General Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Anindya Kumar Biswas

Large language models have been extensively studied as neural knowledge bases for their knowledge access, editability, reasoning, and explainability. However, few works focus on the structural patterns of their knowledge. Motivated by this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Utkarsh Sahu , Zhisheng Qi , Yongjia Lei , Ryan A. Rossi , Franck Dernoncourt , Nesreen K. Ahmed , Mahantesh M Halappanavar , Yao Ma , Yu Wang

Graphs are an essential data structure utilized to represent relationships in real-world scenarios. Prior research has established that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) deliver impressive outcomes in graph-centric tasks, such as link prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Xubin Ren , Jiabin Tang , Dawei Yin , Nitesh Chawla , Chao Huang

The relationship between the concepts of network and knowledge graph is explored. A knowledge graph can be considered a special type of network. When using a knowledge graph, various networks can be obtained from it, and network analysis…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Vladimir Batagelj , Tomaž Pisanski , Iztok Savnik , Ana Slavec , Nino Bašić

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered considerable interest within both academic and industrial. Yet, the application of LLMs to graph data remains under-explored. In this study, we evaluate the capabilities of four LLMs in addressing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Chang Liu , Bo Wu

A recent paper by Drewes, Hoffmann, and Minas (GCM 2023 proceedings) has shown that certain graph languages can be defined and efficiently recognized by finite automata when strings over typed symbols are interpreted as graphs. This…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Mattia De Rosa , Mark Minas

Traditional treatments of formal logic provide: 1. A syntax for formulas. 2. An inference relation between sets of formulas. 3. A rule for assigning meaning to formulas (semantics) that is sound with respect to the inference relation. First…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Atish Bagchi , Charles Wells

Geometric modeling by constraints, whose applications are of interest to communities from various fields such as mechanical engineering, computer aided design, symbolic computation or molecular chemistry, is now integrated into standard…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Samy Ait-Aoudia , Adel Moussaoui , Khaled Abid , Dominique Michelucci

Deep learning has been shown to be successful in a number of domains, ranging from acoustics, images, to natural language processing. However, applying deep learning to the ubiquitous graph data is non-trivial because of the unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Ziwei Zhang , Peng Cui , Wenwu Zhu

We introduce a taxonomy of interaction types and show that graphs are focal hypergraphs: every graph is canonically a focal hypergraph via its closed neighbourhood structure, and every graph dynamical model is a special case of the general…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-05 Elkaïoum M. Moutuou