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The redshifted 21-cm signal from neutral hydrogen (HI) in the intergalactic medium (IGM) is a powerful probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Owing to the complex growth and morphology of ionized regions, the 21-cm brightness-temperature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-19 Vishrut Pandya , Leon Noble , Suman Majumdar , Debanjan Sarkar , Mohd Kamran , Abhirup Datta

Hydrogen is the most abundant element in our Universe. The first generation of stars and galaxies produced photons that ionized hydrogen gas, driving a cosmological event known as the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). The upcoming Square…

The evolution of large-scale structure, galaxies and the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) can be probed by upcoming Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) experiments, which sample in redshift and direction without…

Large inhomogeneities in neutral hydrogen in the universe can be detected at redshifts $z \leq 10$ using the redshifted 21 cm line emission. We use cosmological N-Body simulations for dark matter and a simple model for baryonic collapse to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 J. S. Bagla , Biman Nath , T. Padmanabhan

We present a new upper limit to the 21cm power spectrum during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) which constrains reionization models with an unheated IGM. The GMRT-EoR experiment is an ongoing effort to make a statistical detection of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Gregory Paciga , Tzu-Ching Chang , Yashwant Gupta , Rajaram Nityanada , Julia Odegova , Ue-Li Pen , Jeffrey Peterson , Jayanta Roy , Kris Sigurdson

We discuss the prospects for ``tomography'' of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at high redshifts using the 21 cm transition of neutral hydrogen. Existing observational constraints on the epoch of reionization imply a complex ionization…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Steven Furlanetto , Frank Briggs

Neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) constitutes a key phase of the cosmic baryon cycle, bridging the ionised circumgalactic medium and the star-forming molecular gas. Yet, nearly 75 years after its discovery, direct views of HI through its 21cm…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-04 Graham Lawrie , Roger Deane , Tariq Blecher , Danail Obreschkow , Ian Heywood , Shilpa Ranchod

The process of heating and reionization of the Universe at high redshift links small scale structures/galaxy formation and large scale inter-galactic medium properties. Even if the first one is difficult to observe, an observation window is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-05 Nicolas J. F. Gillet , Dominique Aubert , Florent G. Mertens , Pierre Ocvirk

We propose a method to study the epoch of reionization based on the possible observation of 2p--2s fine structure lines from the neutral hydrogen outside the cosmological H {\sc ii} regions enveloping QSOs and other ionizing sources in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Shiv. K. Sethi , Ravi Subrahmanyan , D. Anish Roshi

Reionization is thought to be dominated by low mass galaxies, while direct observations of resolved galaxies probe only the most massive, rarest objects. The cross-correlation between fluctuations in the surface brightness of the cumulative…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-19 Stuart Wyithe , Avi Loeb , Brian Schmidt

A model of the density distribution in the intergalactic medium, motivated by that found in numerical simulations, is used to demonstrate the effect of a clumpy IGM and discrete sources on the reionization of the universe. In an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Jordi Miralda-Escude , Martin Haehnelt , Martin J. Rees

The Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionisation, during which collapsed structures produce the first ionising photons and proceed to reionise the intergalactic medium, span a large range in redshift (z~30-6) and time (t_{age} ~ 0.1-1.0~Gyr).…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-15 Cathryn M. Trott

Quasars at cosmic dawn provide powerful probes of the formation and growth of the earliest supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the universe, their connections to galaxy and structure formation, and the evolution of the intergalactic medium…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-15 Xiaohui Fan , Eduardo Banados , Robert A. Simcoe

We use synthetic sightlines drawn through snapshots of the Technicolor Dawn simulations to explore how the statistics of neutral oxygen OI absorbers respond to hydrogen reionization. The ionization state of the circumgalactic medium (CGM)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-26 Caitlin Doughty , Kristian Finlator

We study the observability of the reionization epoch through the 21 cm hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen. We use a high-resolution cosmological simulation (including hydrodynamics) together with a fast radiative transfer algorithm to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Steven Furlanetto , Aaron Sokasian , Lars Hernquist

Above redshift 6, the dominant source of neutral hydrogen in the Universe shifts from localized clumps in and around galaxies and filaments to a pervasive, diffuse component of the intergalactic medium (IGM). This transition tracks the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-11-23 Judd D. Bowman , Alan E. E. Rogers , Jacqueline N. Hewitt

One of the most dramatic signatures of the reionization era may be the enormous ionized bubbles around luminous quasars (with radii reaching ~40 comoving Mpc), which may survive as "fossil'' ionized regions long after their source shuts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Steven Furlanetto , Zoltan Haiman , S. Peng Oh

We consider the cross-correlation between free electrons and neutral hydrogen during the epoch of reionization. The free electrons are traced by the optical depth to reionization tau, while the neutral hydrogen can be observed through 21 cm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Pieter Daniel Meerburg , Cora Dvorkin , David N. Spergel

We develop a new method to determine the distance between a high-redshift galaxy and a foreground screen of atomic hydrogen. In a partially neutral universe, and assuming spherical symmetry, this equates to the radius of a ionized 'bubble'…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-27 Matthew J. Hayes , Claudia Scarlata

At the epoch of reionization, when the high-redshift inter-galactic medium (IGM) is being enriched with metals, the 63.2 micron fine structure line of OI is pumped by the ~ 1300 AA soft UV background and introduces a spectral distortion in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Carlos Hernandez-Monteagudo , Zoltan Haiman , Licia Verde , Raul Jimenez
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