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The $i$-tuply $y$-densely divisible numbers were introduced by a Polymath project, as a weaker condition on the moduli than $y$-smoothness, in distribution estimates for primes in arithmetic progressions. We obtain the order of magnitude of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Garo Sarajian , Andreas Weingartner

The existence of a smooth, nonnegative, compactly supported function with monotone (on the half-line) Fourier transform satisfying two-sided decay bounds is demonstrated.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-08-19 Tamer Tlas

We study properties of arithmetic sets coming from multiplicative number theory and obtain applications in the theory of uniform distribution and ergodic theory. Our main theorem is a generalization of K\'atai's orthogonality criterion.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-16 V. Bergelson , J. Kułaga-Przymus , M. Lemańczyk , F. K. Richter

We find upper bounds that are sharp for the number of $k$th powers inside arbitrary arithmetic progressions whose step has $O(1)$ many divisors.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-11 Jean Bourgain , Ciprian Demeter

We show that any Lipschitz projection-valued function p on a connected closed Riemannian manifold can be approximated uniformly by smooth projection-valued functions q with Lipschitz constant close to that of p. This answers a question of…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Hanfeng Li

We show the primes have level of distribution $66/107\approx 0.617$ using triply well-factorable weights. This gives the highest level of distribution for primes in any setting, improving on the prior record level $3/5=0.60$ of Maynard. We…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Jared Duker Lichtman

A skew-morphism $\varphi$ of a finite group $A$ is a permutation on $A$ such that $\varphi(1)=1$ and $\varphi(xy)=\varphi(x)\varphi^{\pi(x)}(y)$ for all $x,y\in A$ where $\pi:A\to\mathbb{Z}_{|\varphi|}$ is an integer function. A…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Naer Wang , Kan Hu , Kai Yuan , Junyang Zhang

In this paper, we investigate the asymptotics of a class of weighted sums over multiplicative functions and apply our results to deduce a stronger asymptotic form of Yitang Zhang's smoothened GPY sieve with coefficient expressions that are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-09 Zihao Liu

We study the sums $$ S_f(x) = \sum_{n\leq x} f\left(\left\lfloor\frac{x}{n}\right\rfloor\right) $$ when $f$ is supported on $r$th powers with $r\geq 2$. This restriction allows us to give nontrivial estimates for one of the error terms in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-12 Joshua Stucky

For any bounded, regulated function $m: [0,\infty) \to \mathbb{C}$, consider the family of operators $\{ T_R \}$ on the sphere $S^d$ such that $T_R f = m(k/R) f$ for any spherical harmonic $f$ of degree $k$. We completely characterize the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-11-01 Jacob Denson

Let $E_x(q,a)$ be the error term when counting primes in arithmetic progressions and let $M(Q)=\sum_{q\leq Q}\phi(q)\sum_{a=1}^qE_x(q,a)^3$. We show that $M(Q)<<Q^3(x/Q)^{7/5}$ for large $Q$ close to $x$ (in the usual BDH sense) thereby…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Tomos Parry

We prove that a multiplicative subgroup $A_k$ of $\mathbb{Z}_p^*$ is a generalized arithmetic progression if and only if $|A_k| = 2,\ 4,$ or $p-1$. Much of the argument is built upon recent work studying additive decompositions of subgroups…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Albert Cochrane

We show that there are infinitely many primes $p$ such that $p-1$ is divisible by a square $d^2 \geq p^\theta$ for $\theta=1/2+1/2000.$ This improves the work of Matom\"aki (2009) who obtained the result for $\theta=1/2-\varepsilon$ (with…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Jori Merikoski

We show that the exponent of distribution of the ternary divisor function $d_3$ in arithmetic progressions to prime moduli is at least 1/2+1/46, improving results of Heath-Brown and Friedlander--Iwaniec. Furthermore, when averaging over a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Étienne Fouvry , Emmanuel Kowalski , Philippe Michel

We study a family of birational maps of smooth affine quadric 3-folds, {over the complex numbers}, of the form $x_1x_4-x_2x_3=$ constant, which seems to have some (among many others) interesting/unexpected characters: a) they are…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Cinzia Bisi , Jonathan D. Hauenstein , Tuyen Trung Truong

In this paper we continue the investigations about unlike powers in arithmetic progression. We provide sharp upper bounds for the length of primitive non-constant arithmetic progressions consisting of squares/cubes and $n$-th powers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-05 Lajos Hajdu , Szabolcs Tengely

In the context of global optimization of mixed-integer nonlinear optimization formulations, we consider smoothing univariate functions $f$ that satisfy $f(0)=0$, $f$ is increasing and concave on $[0,+\infty)$, $f$ is twice differentiable on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-12 Luze Xu , Jon Lee , Daphne Skipper

Let $G$ be a $2$-step stratified group of topological dimension $d$ and homogeneous dimension $Q$. Let $L$ be a homogeneous sub-Laplacian on $G$. By a theorem due to Christ and to Mauceri and Meda, an operator of the form $F(L)$ is of weak…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-10-25 Alessio Martini , Detlef Müller

Smooth parametrization consists in a subdivision of the mathematical objects under consideration into simple pieces, and then parametric representation of each piece, while keeping control of high order derivatives. The main goal of the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-07-14 Y. Yomdin

Let $f_1,\ldots,f_k : \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ be multiplicative functions taking values in the closed unit disc. Using an analytic approach in the spirit of Hal\'{a}sz' mean value theorem, we compute multidimensional averages of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Oleksiy Klurman , Alexander P. Mangerel