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We explore nature of price formation in financial markets and develop a theory of bid and ask price dynamics in which the two prices form due to quantum-chaotic interaction between buy and sell orders. In this model bid and ask prices are…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-15 Jack Sarkissian

Using Trades and Quotes data from the Paris stock market, we show that the random walk nature of traded prices results from a very delicate interplay between two opposite tendencies: long-range correlated market orders that lead to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-02 Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Yuval Gefen , Marc Potters , Matthieu Wyart

In this paper, we consider an infinite horizon, continuous-review, stochastic inventory system in which cumulative customers' demand is price-dependent and is modeled as a Brownian motion. Excess demand is backlogged. The revenue is earned…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-07-12 Dacheng Yao

Identical products being sold at different prices in different locations is a common phenomenon. Price differences might occur due to various reasons such as shipping costs, trade restrictions and price discrimination. To model such…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-02 Sourav Chakraborty , Nikhil Devanur , Chinmay Karande

The statistical properties of the bid-ask spread of a frequently traded Chinese stock listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange are investigated using the limit-order book data. Three different definitions of spread are considered based on the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Gao-Feng Gu , Wei Chen , Wei-Xing Zhou

We introduce a deterministic dealer model which implements most of the empirical laws, such as fat tails in the price change distributions, long term memory of volatility and non-Poissonian intervals. We also clarify the causality between…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Kenta Yamada , Hideki Takayasu , Misako Takayasu

This paper explores the bifurcative dynamics of an artificial stock market exchange (ASME) with endogenous, myopic traders interacting through a limit order book (LOB). We showed that agent-based price dynamics possess intrinsic…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-26 Matej Steinbacher , Mitja Steinbacher , Matjaz Steinbacher

When an item goes out of stock, sales transaction data no longer reflect the original customer demand, since some customers leave with no purchase while others substitute alternative products for the one that was out of stock. Here we…

Applications · Statistics 2016-01-15 Benjamin Letham , Lydia M. Letham , Cynthia Rudin

When sales of a product are affected by randomness in demand, retailers can use dynamic pricing strategies to maximise their profits. In this article the pricing problem is formulated as a stochastic optimal control problem, where the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-17 Asbjørn N. Riseth , Jeff N. Dewynne , Chris L. Farmer

R. Cont and A. de Larrard (SIAM J. Finan. Math, 2013) introduced a tractable stochastic model for the dynamics of a limit order book, computing various quantities of interest such as the probability of a price increase or the diffusion…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-01-11 Anatoliy Swishchuk , Nelson Vadori

The goal of ordinal embedding is to represent items as points in a low-dimensional Euclidean space given a set of constraints in the form of distance comparisons like "item $i$ is closer to item $j$ than item $k$". Ordinal constraints like…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-24 Lalit Jain , Kevin Jamieson , Robert Nowak

We define \emph{engineered simultaneity}: the construction of a system that requires temporal comparison of events at spacelike-separated locations, implements this comparison via an implicit simultaneity convention, and represents the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Paul Borrill

We test the predictions of the sticky information model using a survey dataset by comparing shoppers accuracy in recalling the prices of regulated and comparable unregulated products. Because regulated product prices are capped, they are…

General Economics · Economics 2025-02-25 Doron Sayag , Avichai Snir , Daniel Levy

Order effects occur when judgments about a hypothesis's probability given a sequence of information do not equal the probability of the same hypothesis when the information is reversed. Different experiments have been performed in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Catarina Moreira , Jose Acacio de Barros

In this paper we propose a deep recurrent model based on the order flow for the stationary modelling of the high-frequency directional prices movements. The order flow is the microsecond stream of orders arriving at the exchange, driving…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-06 Ye-Sheen Lim , Denise Gorse

Far-from-equilibrium models of interacting particles in one dimension are used as a basis for modelling the stock-market fluctuations. Particle types and their positions are interpreted as buy and sell orders placed on a price axis in the…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2010-09-17 Frantisek Slanina

In two previous papers the author developed a second-order price adjustment (t\^atonnement) process. This paper extends the approach to include both quantity and price adjustments. We demonstrate three results: a analogue to physical…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2012-04-17 Eric Kemp-Benedict

We study a microscopic limit order book model, in which the order dynamics depend on the current best bid and ask price and the current volume density functions, simultaneously, and derive its macroscopic high-frequency dynamics. As opposed…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-17 Dörte Kreher , Cassandra Milbradt

We address the problem of learning a decision policy from observational data of past decisions in contexts with features and associated outcomes. The past policy maybe unknown and in safety-critical applications, such as medical decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Muhammad Osama , Dave Zachariah , Peter Stoica

In this paper, we examine the biases that arise when firms run A/B tests on continuous parameters to estimate global treatment effects on performance metrics of interest; we particularly focus on price experiments to measure the price…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-22 Ramesh Johari , Orrie B. Page , Gabriel Y. Weintraub
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