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A dedicated mission to investigate exoplanetary atmospheres represents a major milestone in our quest to understand our place in the universe by placing our Solar System in context and by addressing the suitability of planets for the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 G. Tinetti , J. P. Beaulieu , T. Henning , M. Meyer , G. Micela , I. Ribas , D. Stam , M. Swain , O. Krause , M. Ollivier , E. Pace , B. Swinyard , A. Aylward , R. van Boekel , A. Coradini , T. Encrenaz , I. Snellen , M. R. Zapatero-Osorio , J. Bouwman , J. Y-K. Cho , V. Coudé du Foresto , T. Guillot , M. Lopez-Morales , I. Mueller-Wodarg , E. Palle , F. Selsis , A. Sozzetti , P. A. R. Ade , N. Achilleos , A. Adriani , C. B. Agnor , C. Afonso , C. Allende Prieto , G. Bakos , R. J. Barber , M. Barlow , P. Bernath , B. Bezard , P. Bordé , L. R. Brown , A. Cassan , C. Cavarroc , A. Ciaravella , C. O. U. Cockell , A. Coustenis , C. Danielski , L. Decin , R. De Kok , O. Demangeon , P. Deroo , P. Doel , P. Drossart , L. N. Fletcher , M. Focardi , F. Forget , S. Fossey , P. Fouqué , J. Frith , M. Galand , P. Gaulme , J. I. González Hernández , O. Grasset , D. Grassi , J. L. Grenfell , M. J. Griffin , C. A. Griffith , U. Grözinger , M. Guedel , P. Guio , O. Hainaut , R. Hargreaves , P. H. Hauschildt , K. Heng , D. Heyrovsky , R. Hueso , P. Irwin , L. Kaltenegger , P. Kervella , D. Kipping , T. T. Koskinen , G. Kovács , A. La Barbera , H. Lammer , E. Lellouch , G. Leto , M. Lopez Morales , M. A. Lopez Valverde , M. Lopez-Puertas , C. Lovis , A. Maggio , J. P. Maillard , J. Maldonado Prado , J. B. Marquette , F. J. Martin-Torres , P. Maxted , S. Miller , S. Molinari , D. Montes , A. Moro-Martin , J. I. Moses , O. Mousis , N. Nguyen Tuong , R. Nelson , G. S. Orton , E. Pantin , E. Pascale , S. Pezzuto , D. Pinfield , E. Poretti , R. Prinja , L. Prisinzano , J. M. Rees , A. Reiners , B. Samuel , A. Sanchez-Lavega , J. Sanz Forcada , D. Sasselov , G. Savini , B. Sicardy , A. Smith , L. Stixrude , G. Strazzulla , J. Tennyson , M. Tessenyi , G. Vasisht , S. Vinatier , S. Viti , I. Waldmann , G. J. White , T. Widemann , R. Wordsworth , R. Yelle , Y. Yung , S. N. Yurchenko

The large number of new planets expected from wide-area transit surveys means that follow-up transmission spectroscopy studies of their atmospheres will be limited by the availability of telescope assets. We argue that telescopes covering a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 J. S. Morgan , E. Kerins , S. Awiphan , I. McDonald , J. J. Hayes , S. Komonjinda , D. Mkritchian , N. Sanguansak

Today's most detailed characterization of exoplanet atmospheres is accessible via transit spectroscopy (TS). Detecting transiting exoplanets only yields their size, and it is thus standard to measure a planet's mass before moving towards…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-01 Julien de Wit , Sara Seager , Prajwal Niraula

A new ro-vibrational line list for the ground electronic state of the main isotopologue of acetylene, $^{12}$C$_2$H$_2$, is computed as part of the ExoMol project. The aCeTY line list covers the transition wavenumbers up to 10,000 cm$^{-1}$…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 Katy L. Chubb , Jonathan Tennyson , Sergey N. Yurchenko

We describe the atomic database of the XSTAR spectral modeling code, summarizing the systematic upgrades carried out in the past twenty years to enable the modeling of K lines from chemical elements with atomic number $Z\leq 30$ and recent…

Characterizing temperate exoplanet atmospheres remains challenging due to their small size and low temperatures. Recent JWST observations provide valuable data, but their interpretation has led to diverging conclusions. Complementary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-04 O. Sohier , A. Y. Jaziri , L. Vettier , A. Chatain , T. Drant , N. Carrasco

With observational efforts moving from the discovery into the characterisation mode, systematic campaigns that cover large ranges of global stellar and planetary parameters will be needed. We aim to uncover cloud formation trends and…

The exploration of planetary bodies in our Solar system and beyond relies on the processing and interpretation of large, spatio-temporally inconsistent, and heterogeneous datasets. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) provide…

Spectroscopy of exoplanetary atmospheres has become a well established method for the characterisation of extrasolar planets. We here present a novel inverse retrieval code for exoplanetary atmospheres. TauRex (Tau Retrieval for Exoplanets)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Ingo P. Waldmann , Giovanna Tinetti , Marco Rocchetto , Emma J. Barton , Sergey N. Yurchenko , Jonathan Tennyson

Atmospheric escape is now considered the major contributing factor in shaping the demographic of detected exoplanets. However, inferences about the exoplanet populations strongly depend on the accuracy of the models. Direct observational…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-13 Giulia Ballabio , James E. Owen

The detection and subsequent characterisation of exoplanets are intimately linked to the characteristics of their host star. Therefore, it is necessary to study the star in detail in order to understand the formation history and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 M. G. Soto , J. S. Jenkins

The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) offers a unique opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of planetary formation and evolution. The goal of this Science Case Development Document (SCDD) is to investigate the physical and…

New MiZo line lists are presented for the D$_2$H$^+$ and D$_3^+$ isotopologues of H$_3^+$. These line lists plus the existing H$_3^+$ MiZATeP and the Sochi H$_2$D$^+$ line lists are updated using empirical energy levels generated using the…

The search for extrasolar planets has already detected rocky planets and several planetary candidates with minimum masses that are consistent with rocky planets in the habitable zone of their host stars. A low-resolution spectrum in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-30 Siddharth Hegde , Lisa Kaltenegger

The magnetic fields of the solar system planets provide valuable insights into the planets' interiors and can have dramatic consequences for the evolution of their atmospheres and interaction with the solar wind. However, we have little…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-13 Antonija Oklopčić , Makana Silva , Paulo Montero-Camacho , Christopher M. Hirata

Observations suggest an abundance of water and paucity of methane in the majority of observed exoplanetary atmospheres. We isolate the effect of atmospheric processes to investigate possible causes. Previously, we studied the effect of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-19 Karan Molaverdikhani , Thomas Henning , Paul Mollière

Much of the focus of exoplanet atmosphere analysis in the coming decade will be atinfrared wavelengths, with the planned launches of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST). However,…

Any future detection of the calcium monohydroxide radical (CaOH) in stellar and exoplanetary atmospheres will rely on accurate molecular opacity data. Here, we present the first comprehensive molecular line list of CaOH covering the \A--\X\…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-25 Alec Owens , Alexander Mitrushchenkov , Sergei N. Yurchenko , Jonathan Tennyson

Context. Clouds are ubiquitous in exoplanets' atmospheres and play an important role in setting the opacity and chemical inventory of the atmosphere. Understanding clouds is a critical step in interpreting exoplanets' spectroscopic data.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-27 Helong Huang , Chris W. Ormel , Michiel Min

One of the most outstanding issues in exoplanet characterization is understanding the prevalence of obscuring clouds and hazes in their atmospheres. The ability to predict the presence of clouds/hazes a priori is an important goal when…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-29 Kevin B. Stevenson