Related papers: On absolutely normal and continued fraction normal…
Continued fractions have been long studied due to their strong properties, such as rational approximation. In this extent, their arithmetic over real numbers has represented an intriguing problem throughout the years. In this paper, we…
A generalization of exterior calculus is considered by allowing the partial derivatives in the exterior derivative to assume fractional orders. That is, a fractional exterior derivative is defined. This is found to generate new vector…
In this expository article, the real numbers are defined as infinite decimals. After defining an ordering relation and the arithmetic operations, it is shown that the set of real numbers is a complete ordered field. It is further shown that…
We analyze algorithms that output absolutely normal numbers digit-by-digit with respect to quality of convergence to normality of the output, measured by the discrepancy. We consider explicit variants of algorithms by Sierpinski, by Turing…
We consider series of the form $$ \frac{p}{q} +\sum_{j=2}^\infty \frac{1}{x_j}, $$ where $x_1=q$ and the integer sequence $(x_n)$ satisfies a certain non-autonomous recurrence of second order, which entails that $x_n|x_{n+1}$ for $n\geq 1$.…
Given an integer $b\geqslant 2$ and a set $P$ of prime numbers, the set $T_P $ of Toeplitz numbers comprises all elements of $[0,b[$ whose digits $(a_n)_{n\geqslant 1}$ in the base-$b$ expansion satisfy $a_n=a_{pn}$ for all $p\in P$ and…
Let $G$ be a simple undirected graph. The regular number of $G$ is defined to be the minimum number of subsets into which the edge set of $G$ can be partitioned so that the subgraph induced by each subset is regular. In this work, we obtain…
We study the convergence of certain subseries of the harmonic series corresponding to increasing sequences of integers whose digits in a certain base are not uniformly distributed. We also discuss the case of irregular sequences, where the…
Let $d$ be any positive and non square integer. We prove an upper bound for the first two moments of the length $T(d)$ of the period of the continued fraction expansion for $\sqrt{d}$. This allows to improve the existing results for the…
This paper investigates the length of the repeating decimal part when a fraction is expressed in decimal form. First, it provides a detailed explanation of how to calculate the length of the repeating decimal when the denominator of the…
An elementary but useful fact is that the numerator of the difference of two consecutive Farey fractions is equal to one. For triples of consecutive fractions the numerators of the differences are well understood and have applications to…
We construct a random model to study the distribution of class numbers in special families of real quadratic fields $\mathbb Q(\sqrt d)$ arising from continued fractions. These families are obtained by considering periodic continued…
We explore how the asymptotic structure of a random $n$-term weak integer composition of $m$ evolves, as $m$ increases from zero. The primary focus is on establishing thresholds for the appearance and disappearance of substructures. These…
It is shown how Dedekind cuts can be used to introduce the extended real numbers along with sound arithmetic laws via one simple rule for the addition of sets. The crucial idea is that the use of the lower and the upper part of the cuts,…
In this paper, the authors design a trial to count rational ratios on the interval [0, 1], and plot a normalized frequency statistical graph. Patterns, symmetry and co-linear properties reflected in the graph are confirmed. The main…
We highlight some facts about continued fractions of real cubic irrationalities. This may be thought as a small section in a textbook on continued fractions.
We introduce a family of maps generating continued fractions where the digit $1$ in the numerator is replaced cyclically by some given non-negative integers $(N_1,\ldots,N_m)$. We prove the convergence of the given algorithm, and study the…
Symmetrical subdivisions in the space of Jager Pairs for continued fractions-like expansions will provide us with bounds on their difference. Results will also apply to the classical regular and backwards continued fractions expansions,…
A new derivative, called deformable derivative, is introduced here which is equivalent to ordinary derivative in the sense that one implies other. The deformable derivative is defined using limit approach like that of ordinary one but with…
Fractional calculus is the calculus of differentiation and integration of non-integer orders. In a recently paper (Annals of Physics 323 (2008) 2756-2778), the Fundamental Theorem of Fractional Calculus is highlighted. Based on this…