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Representing graphs as quantum states is becoming an increasingly important approach to study entanglement of mixed states, alternate to the standard linear algebraic density matrix-based approach of study. In this paper, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-24 Bibhas Adhikari , Subhashish Banerjee , Satyabrata Adhikari , Atul Kumar

In this paper, we show that the largest Laplacian H-eigenvalue of a $k$-uniform nontrivial hypergraph is strictly larger than the maximum degree when $k$ is even. A tight lower bound for this eigenvalue is given. For a connected…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-14 Shenglong Hu , Liqun Qi , Jinshan Xie

The Harary-Sachs theorem for $k$-uniform hypergraphs equates the codegree-$d$ coefficient of the adjacency characteristic polynomial of a uniform hypergraph with a weighted sum of subgraph counts over certain multi-hypergraphs with $d$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-23 Gregory J. Clark , Joshua Cooper

We provide a new decomposition of the Laplacian matrix (for labeled directed graphs with strongly connected components), involving an invertible $\textit{core matrix}$, the vector of tree constants, and the incidence matrix of an auxiliary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Stefan Müller

Let $N(X)$ be the Laplacian matrix of a directed graph obtained from the edge adjacency matrix of a graph $X.$ In this work, we study the bipartiteness property of the graph with the help of $N(X).$ We computed the spectrum of the edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-28 Shivani Chauhan , A. Satyanarayana Reddy

Eigenvalue interlacing is a versatile technique for deriving results in algebraic combinatorics. In particular, it has been successfully used for proving a number of results about the relation between the (adjacency matrix or Laplacian)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-05 M. A. Fiol

While topological data analysis has emerged as a powerful paradigm for structural inference, its foundational tools, notably persistent homology and the persistent Laplacian, are frequently insensitive to localized structural fluctuations…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Jian Liu , Hongsong Feng , Kefeng Liu

Recently, Braunstein et al. [1] introduced normalized Laplacian matrices of graphs as density matrices in quantum mechanics and studied the relationships between quantum physical properties and graph theoretical properties of the underlying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-15 Chai Wah Wu

Laplacian Eigenvectors of the graph constructed from a data set are used in many spectral manifold learning algorithms such as diffusion maps and spectral clustering. Given a graph constructed from a random sample of a $d$-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-29 Xu Wang

We use two variational techniques to prove upper bounds for sums of the lowest several eigenvalues of matrices associated with finite, simple, combinatorial graphs. These include estimates for the adjacency matrix of a graph and for both…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Evans M. Harell , Joachim Stubbe

In a recent work, we introduced a parametric framework for obtaining obstruction characterizations of graph parameters with respect to a quasi-ordering $\leqslant$ on graphs. Towards this, we proposed the concepts of class obstruction,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Christophe Paul , Evangelos Protopapas , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

We present sharp inequalities relating the number of vertices, edges, and triangles of a graph to the smallest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix and the largest eigenvalue of its Laplacian.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

A locally irregular graph is a graph whose adjacent vertices have distinct degrees, a regular graph is a graph where each vertex has the same degree and a locally regular graph is a graph where for every two adjacent vertices u, v, their…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan , Mohammad-Reza Sadeghi , Brett Stevens

The distance matrix $\mathcal{D}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the matrix containing the pairwise distances between vertices, and the distance Laplacian matrix is $\mathcal{D}^L(G)=T(G)-\mathcal{D}(G)$, where $T(G)$ is the diagonal matrix of row…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-17 Boris Brimkov , Ken Duna , Leslie Hogben , Kate Lorenzen , Carolyn Reinhart , Sung-Yell Song , Mark Yarrow

In this paper, we focus on the study of immanantal polynomials for linear combination matrices composed of the degree matrix and adjacency matrix of a graph. First, applying the concept of vertex orientation for general graphs, we provide a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Xiangshuai Dong , Tingzeng Wu

We prove a central limit theorem for the components of the eigenvectors corresponding to the $d$ largest eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix of a finite dimensional random dot product graph. As a corollary, we show that for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-29 Minh Tang , Carey E. Priebe

Bridging geometry and topology, curvature is a powerful and expressive invariant. While the utility of curvature has been theoretically and empirically confirmed in the context of manifolds and graphs, its generalization to the emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Corinna Coupette , Sebastian Dalleiger , Bastian Rieck

We generalize the notions of Laplacian and signless Laplacian Estrada index to uniform hypergraphs. For an $r$-uniform hypergraph $H,$ we derive an order $r+1$ trace formula of the (signless) Laplacian tensor of $H.$ Among others by using…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-02 Cunxiang Duan , Edwin R. van Dam , Ligong Wang

Using our previously published algorithm, we analyze the eigenvectors of the generalized Laplacian for two metric graphs occurring in practical applications. As expected, localization of an eigenvector is rare and the network should be…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-02-08 H. Kravitz , M. Brio , J. -G. Caputo

Chemical hypergraphs and their associated normalized Laplace operators are generalized and studied in the case where each vertex--hyperedge incidence has a real coefficient. We systematically study the effect of symmetries of a hypergraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-15 Jürgen Jost , Raffaella Mulas