Related papers: CT dose reduction factors in the thousands using X…
In coronary CT angiography, a series of CT images are taken at different levels of radiation dose during the examination. Although this reduces the total radiation dose, the image quality during the low-dose phases is significantly…
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed human cancer in the United States at present. Early detection is crucial for its successful treatment. X-ray mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis are currently the main methods for…
The application of ionizing radiation for diagnostic imaging is common around the globe. However, the process of imaging, itself, remains to be a relatively hazardous operation. Therefore, it is preferable to use as low a dose of ionizing…
For a century, clinical X-ray imaging has visualised only the attenuation properties of tissue, which fundamentally limits the contrast, particularly in soft tissues like the breast. Imaging based on refraction can overcome this limitation,…
The contrast transfer function (CTF) is widely used to evaluate phase retrieval methods in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), including center-of-mass imaging, parallax imaging, direct ptychography, and iterative…
When x-rays penetrate soft matter, their phase changes more rapidly than their amplitude. In- terference effects visible with high brightness sources creates higher contrast, edge enhanced images. When the object is piecewise smooth (made…
Increasing use of CT in modern medical practice has raised concerns over associated radiation dose. Reduction of radiation dose associated with CT can increase noise and artifacts, which can adversely affect diagnostic confidence. Denoising…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging has the potential to improve image contrast with lower dose by probing an object's refractive properties as well as its absorptive properties. To reconstruct a phase-contrast image from a raw dataset, a phase…
Hard X-ray tomography with Paganin's widespread single-distance phase retrieval filter improves contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) while reducing spatial resolution (SR). We demonstrate that a Gaussian filter provided larger CNR at high SR with…
How to evaluate and compare image quality from different sub-micrometer (sub$\mu$) CT scans? A simple test phantom made of polymer microbeads is used for recording projection images as well as 13 CT scans in a number of commercial and…
Phase contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI) is an emerging imaging modality that has the potential to greatly improve radiography for medical imaging and materials analysis. PCXI makes it possible to visualise soft-tissue structures that are…
Multi-energy CT has long demonstrated its ability to enhance image quality with material decomposition. Yet, it has largely been limited to applications that already have high contrast. More recently, x-ray phase-contrast (XPC) imaging has…
Low x-ray dose is desirable in x-ray computed tomographic (CT) imaging due to health concerns. But low dose comes with a cost of low signal artifacts such as streaks and low frequency bias in the reconstruction. As a result, low signal…
Deep neural networks have received considerable attention in clinical imaging, particularly with respect to the reduction of radiation risk. Lowering the radiation dose by reducing the photon flux inevitably results in the degradation of…
X-ray computed tomography (CT) is widely used in medical imaging, with sparse-view reconstruction offering an effective way to reduce radiation dose. However, ill-posed conditions often result in severe streak artifacts. Recent advances in…
We demonstrate the use of a phase retrieval technique for propagation-based phase contrast neutron imaging with a polychromatic beam. This enables imaging samples with low absorption contrast and/or improving the signal-to-noise ratio to…
X-ray computed tomography (CT) based on photon counting detectors (PCD) extends standard CT by counting detected photons in multiple energy bins. PCD data can be used to increase the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), increase spatial…
Computed tomography (CT) is a popular medical imaging modality in clinical applications. At the same time, the x-ray radiation dose associated with CT scans raises public concerns due to its potential risks to the patients. Over the past…
Low Dose CT Denoising research aims to reduce the risks of radiation exposure to patients. Recently researchers have used deep learning to denoise low dose CT images with promising results. However, approaches that use mean-squared-error…
Multi-energy CT takes advantage of the non-linearly varying attenuation properties of elemental media with respect to energy, enabling more precise material identification than single-energy CT. The increased precision comes with the cost…