Related papers: Parameterizing the interstellar dust temperature
In the interstellar medium of the Milky Way, certain elements -- e.g., Mg, Si, Al, Ca, Ti, Fe -- reside predominantly in interstellar dust grains. These grains absorb, scatter, and emit electromagnetic radiation, heat the interstellar…
Detailed studies of the shape of dust emission spectra are possible thanks to the current instruments capable of observations in several sub-millimetre bands (e.g., Herschel and Planck). However, some controversy remains even on the basic…
Physical conditions of the interstellar medium in galaxies are closely linked to the ambient radiation field and the heating of dust grains. In order to characterize dust properties in galaxies over a wide range of physical conditions, we…
This article is based on an invited talk given by V. P. Kulkarni at the 8th Cosmic Dust meeting. Dust has a profound effect on the physics and chemistry of the interstellar gas in galaxies and on the appearance of galaxies. Understanding…
We present a model for the diffuse interstellar dust that explains the observed wavelength-dependence of extinction, emission, linear and circular polarisation of light. The model is set-up with a small number of parameters. It consists of…
We develop a self-consistent model for the equilibrium gas temperature and size-dependent dust temperature in cold, dense pre-stellar cores, assuming an arbitrary power-law size distribution of dust grains. Compact analytical expressions…
We show that a one-component variable-emissivity-spectral-index model (the free-{\alpha} model) provides more physically motivated estimates of dust temperature at the Galactic polar caps than one- or two-component…
In many models of dusty objects in space the grains are assumed to be composite or fluffy. However, the computation of the optical properties of such particles is still a very difficult problem. We analyze how the increase of grain porosity…
We report ALMA Band 9 continuum observations of the normal, dusty star-forming galaxy A1689-zD1 at $z = 7.13$, resulting in a $\sim$4.6$\sigma$ detection at $702$ GHz. For the first time these observations probe the far infrared (FIR)…
It was recently discovered that the temperature in the surface layer of externally heated optically thick gray dust clouds increases with the optical depth for some distance from the surface, as opposed to the normal decrease in temperature…
A wealth of data from the Herschel and Planck satellites and now from ALMA, revealing cold dust thermal emission, is available for astronomical environments ranging from interstellar clouds, cold clumps, circumstellar envelops, and…
While marginal in mass terms, dust grains play an outsized role in both the physics and observation of the interstellar medium (ISM). However, explicit modelling of this ISM constituent remains uncommon in large cosmological simulations. In…
In circumstellar disks or shells it is often assumed that gas and dust temperatures are equal where the latter is determined by radiative equilibrium. This paper deals with the question whether this assumption is applicable for tenous…
We present a model of the interaction of interstellar dust grains with a stellar environment, that predicts the distribution of interstellar dust grains in the size range between $0.1 {\rm \mu m}$ and $1 {\rm \mu m}$ around a star for the…
Neutral hydrogen (HI) emission closely traces the dust column density at high Galactic latitudes and is thus a powerful tool for predicting dust extinction. However, the relation between HI column density $N_{\rm HI}$ and high-latitude dust…
We revised the treatment of interstellar dust in the KOSMA-\tau\ PDR model code to achieve a consistent description of the dust-related physics in the code. The detailed knowledge of the dust properties is then used to compute the dust…
Variations in the dust emissivity index, $\beta$, within and between galaxies, are evidence that the chemistry and physics of dust must vary on large scales, although the nature of the physical and/or chemical variations is still unknown.…
We present a method for modelling star-forming clouds that combines two different models of the thermal evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM). In the combined model, where the densities are low enough that at least some part of the…
To evaluate the effect of turbulent heating in the thermal balance of interstellar clouds, we develop an extension of the log-Poisson intermittency model to supersonic turbulence. The model depends on a parameter, d, interpreted as the…
The gas-to-dust mass ratios found for interstellar dust within the Solar System, versus values determined astronomically for the cloud around the Solar System, suggest that large and small interstellar grains have separate histories, and…