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In quantum theory general measurements are described by so-called Positive Operator-Valued Measures (POVMs). We show that in $d$-dimensional quantum systems an application of depolarizing noise with constant (independent of $d$) visibility…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-17 Michał Kotowski , Michał Oszmaniec

Minimal informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (MIC-POVMs) are special kinds of measurement in quantum theory in which the statistics of their $d^2$-outcomes are enough to reconstruct any $d$-dimensional quantum state.…

Magic, a key quantum resource beyond entanglement, remains poorly understood in terms of its structure and classification. In this paper, we demonstrate a striking connection between high-dimensional symmetric lattices and quantum magic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-16 Misaki Ohta , Kazuki Sakurai

In this work, we investigate the geometry of quantum logic gates within the holomorphic representation of quantum mechanics. We begin by embedding the physical qubit subspace into the space of holomorphic functions that are homogeneous of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 M. W. AlMasri

This note presents a simple and unified formulation of the most fundamental structures used in quantum information with qubits, arbitrary dimension qudits, and quantum continuous variables. This \emph{general quantum variables} construction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-21 Timothy J Proctor

This short note reviews the notion and fundamental properties of SIC-POVM and its connection with the length of separable states. We also review the t-design.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-05 Lin Chen

Magic states were introduced in the context of Clifford circuits as a resource that elevates classically simulatable computations to quantum universal capability, while maintaining the same gate set. Here we study magic states in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-06 Martin Hebenstreit , Richard Jozsa , Barbara Kraus , Sergii Strelchuk , Mithuna Yoganathan

The nonstabilizerness of quantum states is a necessary resource for universal quantum computation, yet its characterization is notoriously demanding. Quantifying nonstabilizerness typically requires an exponential number of measurements and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 J. M. Varela , L. L. Keller , A. de Oliveira Junior , D. A. Moreira , R. Chaves , R. A. Macêdo

Experimental realization of a universal set of quantum logic gates is the central requirement for implementation of a quantum computer. An all-geometric approach to quantum computation offered a paradigm for implementation where all the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 C. Zu , W. -B. Wang , L. He , W. -G. Zhang , C. -Y. Dai , F. Wang , L. -M. Duan

Magic or non-stabilizerness is a resource for quantum computing that has been extensively studied in qudit networks. It describes the degree to which Clifford gates cannot generate a given state, capturing the advantage of quantum over…

An important question of quantum information is to characterize genuinely quantum (beyond-Clifford) resources necessary for universal quantum computing. Here, we use the Pauli spectrum to quantify how magic, beyond Clifford, typical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Xhek Turkeshi , Anatoly Dymarsky , Piotr Sierant

We consider group-covariant positive operator valued measures (POVMs) on a finite dimensional quantum system. Following Neumark's theorem a POVM can be implemented by an orthogonal measurement on a larger system. Accordingly, our goal is to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Thomas Decker , Dominik Janzing , Martin Roetteler

In quantum mechanics, symmetry groups can be realized by projective, as well as by ordinary unitary, representations. For the permutation symmetry relevant to quantum statistics of N indistinguishable particles, the simplest properly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Frank Wilczek

If the system is known to be in one of two non-orthogonal quantum states, $|\psi_1\rangle$ or $|\psi_2\rangle$, $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric quantum mechanics can discriminate them, \textit{in principle}, by a single measurement. We extend this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Yaroslav Balytskyi , Sang-Yoon Chang , Anatoliy Pinchuk , Manohar Raavi

We introduce a generalization of symmetric measurements to collections of unequinumerous positive, operator-valued measures (POVMs). For informationally complete sets, we propose construction methods from orthonormal Hermitian operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-16 Katarzyna Siudzińska

Notions of nonstabilizerness, or "magic", quantify how non-classical quantum states are in a precise sense: states exhibiting low nonstabilizerness preclude quantum advantage. We introduce 'pseudomagic' ensembles of quantum states that,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-31 Andi Gu , Lorenzo Leone , Soumik Ghosh , Jens Eisert , Susanne Yelin , Yihui Quek

We present a general formalism for giving a measure space paired with a separable Hilbert space a quantum version based on normalized positive operator-valued measure. The latter are built from families of density operators labelled by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-06 Jean Pierre Gazeau , Barbara Heller

We study measurements of the unitary generalization of Pauli operators. First, an analytical (constructive) solution to the eigenproblem of these operators is presented. Next, in the case of two subsystems, the Schmidt form of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tomasz Paterek

It is shown that generic N-party pure quantum states (with equidimensional subsystems) are uniquely determined by their reduced states of just over half the parties; in other words, all the information in almost all N-party pure states is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Nick S. Jones , Noah Linden

By encoding a qudit in a harmonic oscillator and investigating the d --> infinity limit, we give an entirely new realization of continuous-variable quantum computation. The generalized Pauli group is generated by number and phase operators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Barry C Sanders , Stephen D. Bartlett , Hubert de Guise
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