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Selecting an appropriate divergence measure is a critical aspect of machine learning, as it directly impacts model performance. Among the most widely used, we find the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, originally introduced in kinetic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Gennaro Auricchio , Giovanni Brigati , Paolo Giudici , Giuseppe Toscani

Overfitting data is a well-known phenomenon related with the generation of a model that mimics too closely (or exactly) a particular instance of data, and may therefore fail to predict future observations reliably. In practice, this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-14 Matias Vera , Leonardo Rey Vega , Pablo Piantanida

Disagreement between two classifiers regarding the class membership of an observation in pattern recognition can be indicative of an anomaly and its nuance. As in general classifiers base their decision on class aposteriori probabilities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-05 Josef Kittler , Cemre Zor

The probability density quantile (pdQ) carries essential information regarding shape and tail behavior of a location-scale family. Convergence of repeated applications of the pdQ mapping to the uniform distribution is investigated and new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-23 Robert Staudte , Aihua Xia

We introduce the notion of relative volume entropy for two spacetimes with preferred compact spacelike foliations. This is accomplished by applying the notion of Kullback-Leibler divergence to the volume elements induced on spacelike…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-11-24 Nikolas Akerblom , Gunther Cornelissen

The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a foundational measure for comparing probability distributions. Yet in multivariate settings, its single value often obscures the underlying reasons for divergence, conflating mismatches in individual…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-06 William Cook

The families of $f$-divergences (e.g. the Kullback-Leibler divergence) and Integral Probability Metrics (e.g. total variation distance or maximum mean discrepancies) are widely used to quantify the similarity between probability…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Rohit Agrawal , Thibaut Horel

The Jeffreys divergence is a renown symmetrization of the oriented Kullback-Leibler divergence broadly used in information sciences. Since the Jeffreys divergence between Gaussian mixture models is not available in closed-form, various…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Frank Nielsen

The aim of this paper is to introduce new statistical criterions for estimation, suitable for inference in models with common continuous support. This proposal is in the direct line of a renewed interest for divergence based inference tools…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Michel Broniatowski , Aida Toma , Igor Vajda

We consider the problem of estimating the predictive density of future observations from a non-parametric regression model. The density estimators are evaluated under Kullback--Leibler divergence and our focus is on establishing the exact…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-12 Xinyi Xu , Feng Liang

In inverse problems, the parameters of a model are estimated based on observations of the model response. The Bayesian approach is powerful for solving such problems; one formulates a prior distribution for the parameter state that is…

Computation · Statistics 2022-06-08 Max Ehre , Rafael Flock , Martin Fußeder , Iason Papaioannou , Daniel Straub

The aim of this paper is to study certain properties of the Kullback-Leibler distance between two positive integer numbers or between two ideals. We present some results related the entropy of a positive integer number and the divergence of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-16 Nicusor Minculete , Diana Savin

Measurement errors usually arise during the longitudinal data collection process. Ignoring the effects of measurement errors will lead to invalid estimates. The Lifestyle Education for Activity and Nutrition (LEAN) study was designed to…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-05 Yuexia Zhang , Guoyou Qin , Zhongyi Zhu , Jiajia Zhang

For testing goodness of fit, we consider a class of U-statistics of overlapping spacings of order two, and investigate their asymptotic properties. The standard U-statistic theory is not directly applicable here as the overlapping spacings…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Rahul Singh , Neeraj Misra

In this paper we shall consider one parametric generalization of some non-symmetric divergence measures. The \textit{non-symmetric divergence measures} are such as: Kullback-Leibler \textit{relative information}, $\chi…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Pranesh Kumar , Inder Jeet Taneja

We study robust estimators of the mean of a probability measure $P$, called robust empirical mean estimators. This elementary construction is then used to revisit a problem of aggregation and a problem of estimator selection, extending…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-05 M. Lerasle , R. I. Oliveira

We establish a relation between the approximation in $L^2[-\pi,\pi]$ by exponentials with the set of frequencies of Beurling--Malliavin density less than $1$ and the meromorphic interpolation at $\mathbb Z$. Furthermore, we show that…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Yurii Belov , Alexander Borichev , Alexander Kuznetsov

This paper deals with a new Bayesian approach to the standard one-sample $z$- and $t$- tests. More specifically, let $x_1,\ldots,x_n$ be an independent random sample from a normal distribution with mean $\mu$ and variance $\sigma^2$. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-01 Ibrahim Abdelrazeq , Luai Al-Labadi

We conduct a KL-divergence based procedure for testing elliptical distributions. The procedure simultaneously takes into account the two defining properties of an elliptically distributed random vector: independence between length and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-04 Yin Tang , Yanyuan Ma , Bing Li

We discuss properties of two methods for ascribing probabilities to the shape of a probability distribution. One is based on the idea of counting the number of modes of a bootstrap version of a standard kernel density estimator. We argue…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Peter Hall , Hong Ooi