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As a cornerstone of automated reasoning, equational reasoning finds equivalences between symbolic expressions and fuels advances across scientific disciplines. Yet, its potential remains limited by the exponential growth of equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Davide Rattacaso , Daniel Jaschke , Marco Ballarin , Ilaria Siloi , Simone Montangero

If the dynamics of an evolutionary differential equation system possess a low-dimensional, attracting, slow manifold, there are many advantages to using this manifold to perform computations for long term dynamics, locating features such as…

Computational Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. W. Gear , I. G. Kevrekidis

Many machine learning strategies designed to automate mathematical tasks leverage neural networks to search large combinatorial spaces of mathematical symbols. In contrast to traditional evolutionary approaches, using a neural network at…

Superposition -- when a neural network represents more ``features'' than it has dimensions -- seems to pose a serious challenge to mechanistically interpreting current AI systems. Existing theory work studies \emph{representational}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Kaarel Hänni , Jake Mendel , Dmitry Vaintrob , Lawrence Chan

Estimating statistical properties is fundamental in statistics and computer science. In this paper, we propose a unified quantum algorithm framework for estimating properties of discrete probability distributions, with estimating R\'enyi…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Xinzhao Wang , Shengyu Zhang , Tongyang Li

In the previous article, we presented a quantum-inspired framework for modeling semantic representation and processing in Large Language Models (LLMs), drawing upon mathematical tools and conceptual analogies from quantum mechanics to offer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Timo Aukusti Laine

Uncertainty estimation in multi-LLM systems remains largely single-model-centric: existing methods quantify uncertainty within each model but do not adequately capture semantic disagreement across models. To address this gap, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Kangkang Sun , Jun Wu , Jianhua Li , Minyi Guo , Xiuzhen Che , Jianwei Huang

We present a systematic quantum encoding framework for leptophilic extensions of the Standard Model, tailored to quantum simulation applications on near term and future quantum devices. Focusing on anomaly free $U(1)'_{\ell}$ gauge…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-21 S. O. Kara

In this vision paper, we explore the challenges and opportunities of a form of computation that employs an empirical (rather than a formal) approach, where the solution of a computational problem is returned as empirically most likely…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Eric Tang , Marcel Böhme

We consider the dynamical behavior of Martin-L\"of random points in dynamical systems over metric spaces with a computable dynamics and a computable invariant measure. We use computable partitions to define a sort of effective symbolic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-04-29 Stefano Galatolo , Mathieu Hoyrup , Cristobal Rojas

Diffusion models do not recover semantic structure uniformly over time. Instead, samples transition from semantic ambiguity to class commitment within a narrow regime. Recent theoretical work attributes this transition to dynamical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-11 Florian Handke , Dejan Stančević , Felix Koulischer , Thomas Demeester , Luca Ambrogioni

Commonly used linear and nonlinear constitutive material models in deformation simulation contain many simplifications and only cover a tiny part of possible material behavior. In this work we propose a framework for learning customized…

Graphics · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Bin Wang , Yuanmin Deng , Paul Kry , Uri Ascher , Hui Huang , Baoquan Chen

Many proofs in discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science are based on the probabilistic method. To prove the existence of a good object, we pick a random object and show that it is bad with low probability. This method is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Pat Morin , Wolfgang Mulzer , Tommy Reddad

Recent work on loglinear models in probabilistic constraint logic programming is applied to first-order probabilistic reasoning. Probabilities are defined directly on the proofs of atomic formulae, and by marginalisation on the atomic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 James Cussens

We present a fast and scalable algorithm to induce non-monotonic logic programs from statistical learning models. We reduce the problem of search for best clauses to instances of the High-Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) problem. In the HUIM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Farhad Shakerin

A novel framework has recently been proposed for designing the molecular structure of chemical compounds with a desired chemical property, where design of novel drugs is an important topic in bioinformatics and chemo-informatics. The…

We propose an algebraic model of computation which formally relates symbolic listings, complexity of Boolean functions, and low depth arithmetic circuit complexity. In this model algorithms are arithmetic formula expressing symbolic…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Hamilton Sawczuk , Edinah Gnang

Motivated by algorithmic information theory, the problem of program discovery can help find candidates of underlying generative mechanisms of natural and artificial phenomena. The uncomputability of such inverse problem, however,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-29 Vladimir Lemusa , Eduardo Acuña , Víctor Zamora , Francisco Hernandez-Quiroz , Hector Zenil

Symbolic regression is the machine learning method for learning functions from data. After a brief overview of the symbolic regression landscape, I will describe the two main challenges that traditional algorithms face: they have an unknown…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-18 Harry Desmond

We derive a numerically stable method to compute an image representation of an unknown linear system only from data, leveraging a continuous-time version of Willems et al.'s fundamental lemma. To this end, we use derivatives approximated by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Amine Othmane , Philipp Schmitz , Karl Worthmann , Kathrin Flaßkamp