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The evolutionary relationships among organisms have traditionally been represented using rooted phylogenetic trees. However, due to reticulate processes such as hybridization or lateral gene transfer, evolution cannot always be adequately…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-20 Sungsik Kong , Joan Carles Pons , Laura Kubatko , Kristina Wicke

Phylogenetic networks which are, as opposed to trees, suitable to describe processes like hybridization and horizontal gene transfer, play a substantial role in evolutionary research. However, while non-treelike events need to be taken into…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-07-06 Mareike Fischer , Tom Niklas Hamann , Kristina Wicke

In mathematical phylogenetics, evolutionary relationships are often represented by trees and networks. The latter are typically used whenever the relationships cannot be adequately described by a tree, which happens when so-called…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-05 Mirko Wilde , Mareike Fischer

Phylogenetic trees and networks are leaf-labelled graphs used to model evolution. Display graphs are created by identifying common leaf labels in two or more phylogenetic trees or networks. The treewidth of such graphs is bounded as a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Remie Janssen , Mark Jones , Steven Kelk , Georgios Stamoulis , Taoyang Wu

Phylogenetic networks are used to represent the evolutionary history of species. They are versatile when compared to traditional phylogenetic trees, as they capture more complex evolutionary events such as hybridization and horizontal gene…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-18 Shunsuke Maeda , Yusuke Kaneko , Hideaki Muramatsu , Yukihiro Murakami , Momoko Hayamizu

Tree-based phylogenetic networks, which may be roughly defined as leaf-labeled networks built by adding arcs only between the original tree edges, have elegant properties for modeling evolutionary histories. We answer an open question of…

Phylogenetic networks are used in biology to represent evolutionary histories. The class of orchard phylogenetic networks was recently introduced for their computational benefits, without any biological justification. Here, we show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-22 Leo van Iersel , Remie Janssen , Mark Jones , Yukihiro Murakami

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that are used in biology to represent reticulate or non-treelike evolution. Recently, several algorithms have been developed which aim to construct phylogenetic networks from…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-10-05 K. T. Huber , V. Moulton

The need for structures capable of accommodating complex evolutionary signals such as those found in, for example, wheat has fueled research into phylogenetic networks. Such structures generalize the standard phylogenetic tree model by also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-30 Philippe Gambette , Katharina T. Huber , Guillaume E. Scholz

In evolutionary biology, networks are becoming increasingly used to represent evolutionary histories for species that have undergone non-treelike or reticulate evolution. Such networks are essentially directed acyclic graphs with a leaf set…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-23 Katharina T. Huber , Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton , Guillaume Scholz

Phylogenetic networks provide a more general description of evolutionary relationships than rooted phylogenetic trees. One way to produce a phylogenetic network is to randomly place $k$ arcs between the edges of a rooted binary phylogenetic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-19 Michael Fuchs , Mike Steel , Qiang Zhang

In phylogenetics, evolution is traditionally represented in a tree-like manner. However, phylogenetic networks can be more appropriate for representing evolutionary events such as hybridization, horizontal gene transfer, and others. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Manuel Lafond , Vincent Moulton

Phylogenetic trees are simple models of evolutionary processes. They describe conditionally independent divergent evolution of taxa from common ancestors. Phylogenetic trees commonly do not have enough flexibility to adequately model all…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-11 Jonathan D. Mitchell , Barbara R. Holland

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that allow for the representation of non-treelike evolutionary events, like recombination, hybridization, or lateral gene transfer. In this paper, we present and study a new…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-08-28 Gabriel Cardona , Francesc Rossello , Gabriel Valiente

Phylogenetic networks are graphs that are used to represent evolutionary relationships between different taxa. They generalize phylogenetic trees since for example, unlike trees, they permit lineages to combine. Recently, there has been…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-05 Katharina T. Huber , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones , Vincent Moulton , Leonie Veenema - Nipius

An important and well-studied problem in phylogenetics is to compute a \emph{consensus tree} so as to summarize the common features within a collection of rooted phylogenetic trees, all whose leaf-sets are bijectively labeled by the same…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-22 Katharina T. Huber , Vincent Moulton , Andreas Spillner

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of evolutionary trees that are used by biologists to represent the evolution of organisms which have undergone reticulate evolution. Essentially, a phylogenetic network is a directed acyclic graph…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-01 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton , Eveline de Swart , Taoyang Wu

Phylogenetic networks are a type of leaf-labelled, acyclic, directed graph used by biologists to represent the evolutionary history of species whose past includes reticulation events. A phylogenetic network is tree-child if each non-leaf…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Magnus Bordewich , Katharina T Huber , Vincent Moulton , Charles Semple

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that allow for representation of reticulate evolution. Recently, a space of unrooted phylogenetic networks was introduced, where such a network is a connected graph in which…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-03-09 Andrew Francis , Katharina Huber , Vincent Moulton , Taoyang Wu

A phylogenetic network is a graph-theoretical tool that is used by biologists to represent the evolutionary history of a collection of species. One potential way of constructing such networks is via a distance-based approach, where one is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton , Yukihiro Murakami