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It is established that black holes have entropy and behave as thermodynamical systems. Associating entropy to gravitational fields has not remained limited to black holes, necessitating the notion of the second law of thermodynamics in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-26 V. R. Shajiee , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari

In Einstein gravity, matter with an arbitrarily small density can be a black hole. Pressure in the star diverges if size of the star is smaller than 9/8 of the Schwarzschild radius, implying the gravitational collapse into a black hole. By…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-27 Yoshinori Matsuo

The accumulation of dark matter particles near the primordial black holes starts at the radiation-dominated cosmological stage and produces the central density spikes. The spikes can be the bright gamma-ray sources due to dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-02 Yu. N. Eroshenko

In the presence of a minimal length physical objects cannot collapse to an infinite density, singular, matter point. In this note we consider the possible final stage of the gravitational collapse of "thick" matter layers. The energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-24 Piero Nicolini , Alessio Orlandi , Euro Spallucci

Two novel topological black hole exact solutions with unusual shapes of horizons in the simplest holographic axions model, the four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-axions theory, are constructed. We draw embedding diagrams in various…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-19 Jinbo Yang

According to the Big Bang Theory as we go back in time the Universe becomes progressively hotter and denser. This leads us to believe that the early Universe was filled with hot plasma of elementary particles. Among many questions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Łukasz Nakonieczny , Marek Rogatko

The definition of matter states on spacelike hypersurfaces of a 1+1 dimensional black hole spacetime is considered. The effect of small quantum fluctuations of the mass of the black hole due to the quantum nature of the infalling matter is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-01 E. Keski-Vakkuri , G. Lifschytz , S. D. Mathur , M. E. Ortiz

In black hole thermodynamics of certain models, the thermodynamic first law may contain the pressure term. The corresponding entropy follows the area law whereas the thermodynamic energy is not the same with the black hole mass. If the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-02 Edwin J. Son , Wontae Kim

A simple proof of a strengthened form of the first law of black hole mechanics is presented. The proof is based directly upon the Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity, and it shows that the the first law variational formula holds…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert M. Wald

We show that a subdominant component of dissipative dark matter resembling the Standard Model can form many intermediate-mass black hole seeds during the first structure formation epoch. We also observe that, in the presence of this matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-25 Guido D'Amico , Paolo Panci , Alessandro Lupi , Stefano Bovino , Joseph Silk

We consider the problem of physical process version of the first law of black ring thermodynamics in n-dimensional Einstein gravity with additional (p+1)-form field strength and dilaton fields. The first order variations of mass, angular…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Marek Rogatko

The thermodynamics of black holes is shown to be directly induced by their near-horizon conformal invariance. This behavior is exhibited using a scalar field as a probe of the black hole gravitational background, for a general class of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-29 Horacio E. Camblong , Carlos R. Ordonez

Fundamental fields are a natural outcome in cosmology and particle physics and might therefore serve as a proxy for more complex interactions. The equivalence principle implies that all forms of matter gravitate, and one therefore expects…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-28 Hirotada Okawa , Helvi Witek , Vitor Cardoso

Einstein's gravity in AdS space coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics is studied. We analyse the metric, mass functions and corrections to the Reissner-Nordstrom solution. Magnetic black holes thermodynamics in extended phase space is…

General Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 S. I. Kruglov

We extend the isolated horizon formalism to include rotating black holes arising in five dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) theory of gravity, and derive the laws of black hole mechanics. This result allows us to show that the first…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-29 Ayan Chatterjee , Sahil Devdutt , Avirup Ghosh

We consider the possibility that the majority of dark matter in our Universe consists of black holes of primordial origin. We determine the conditions under which such black holes may have originated from a single-field model of inflation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Guillermo Ballesteros , Julián Rey , Marco Taoso , Alfredo Urbano

We revisit the dynamics of a black hole accreting energy from a surrounding homogeneous and infinite space. We argue for a simple heuristic modification of the Schwarzschild approximation when the density of the medium is not negligible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-04 Aurélien Barrau , Killian Martineau , Hanane Zelgoum

The idea that dark matter could be made of stable relics of microscopic black holes is not new. In this article, we revisit this hypothesis, focusing on the creation of black holes by the scattering of trans-Planckian particles in the early…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-12-11 Aurélien Barrau , Killian Martineau , Flora Moulin , Jean-Frédéric Ngono

The connection between dark matter and giant black holes in the galactic nuclei is investigated. The joint evolution of dark and luminous matter in averaged self-consistent gravitational potential is considered. It is shown that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. S. Ilyin , K. P. Zybin , A. V. Gurevich

Gravitational waves emitted from the gravitational ringing of supermassive black holes are important targets to test general relativity and probe the matter environment surrounding such black holes. The main components of the ringing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-05 Chao Zhang , Tao Zhu , Xiongjun Fang , Anzhong Wang