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After a century of observations, we still do not know the origin of cosmic rays. I will review the current state of cosmic ray observations at the highest energies, and their implications for proposed acceleration models and secondary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Angela V. Olinto

Large-scale accretion shocks around massive clusters of galaxies, generically expected in hierarchical scenarios of cosmological structure formation, are shown to be potential sources of the observed ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-11-08 Susumu Inoue , Guenter Sigl , Francesco Miniati , Eric Armengaud

We discuss the region of transition between galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays. The exact shapes and compositions of these two components contains information about important parameters of powerful astrophysical sources and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Todor Stanev

We survey the theory and experimental tests for the propagation of cosmic rays in the Galaxy up to energies of 10^15 eV. A guide to the previous reviews and essential literature is given, followed by an exposition of basic principles. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Andrew W. Strong , Igor V. Moskalenko , Vladimir S. Ptuskin

Papers on point source searches submitted to the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2015, The Hague) by the IceCube Collaboration.

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-19 The IceCube Collaboration , M. G. Aartsen , K. Abraham , M. Ackermann , J. Adams , J. A. Aguilar , M. Ahlers , M. Ahrens , D. Altmann , T. Anderson , I. Ansseau , M. Archinger , C. Arguelles , T. C. Arlen , J. Auffenberg , X. Bai , S. W. Barwick , V. Baum , R. Bay , J. J. Beatty , J. Becker Tjus , K. -H. Becker , E. Beiser , S. BenZvi , P. Berghaus , D. Berley , E. Bernardini , A. Bernhard , D. Z. Besson , G. Binder , D. Bindig , M. Bissok , E. Blaufuss , J. Blumenthal , D. J. Boersma , C. Bohm , M. Börner , F. Bos , D. Bose , S. Böser , O. Botner , J. Braun , L. Brayeur , H. -P. Bretz , N. Buzinsky , J. Casey , M. Casier , E. Cheung , D. Chirkin , A. Christov , K. Clark , L. Classen , S. Coenders , D. F. Cowen , A. H. Cruz Silva , J. Daughhetee , J. C. Davis , M. Day , J. P. A. M. de André , C. De Clercq , E. del Pino Rosendo , H. Dembinski , S. De Ridder , P. Desiati , K. D. de Vries , G. de Wasseige , M. de With , T. DeYoung , J. C. Diaz-Vélez , V. di Lorenzo , J. P. Dumm , M. Dunkman , R. Eagan , B. Eberhardt , T. Ehrhardt , B. Eichmann , S. Euler , P. A. Evenson , O. Fadiran , S. Fahey , A. R. Fazely , A. Fedynitch , J. Feintzeig , J. Felde , K. Filimonov , C. Finley , T. Fischer-Wasels , S. Flis , C. -C. Fösig , T. Fuchs , T. K. Gaisser , R. Gaior , J. Gallagher , L. Gerhardt , K. Ghorbani , D. Gier , L. Gladstone , M. Glagla , T. Glüsenkamp , A. Goldschmidt , G. Golup , J. G. Gonzalez , D. Góra , D. Grant , J. C. Groh , A. Groß , C. Ha , C. Haack , A. Haj Ismail , A. Hallgren , F. Halzen , B. Hansmann , K. Hanson , D. Hebecker , D. Heereman , K. Helbing , R. Hellauer , D. Hellwig , S. Hickford , J. Hignight , G. C. Hill , K. D. Hoffman , R. Hoffmann , K. Holzapfel , A. Homeier , K. Hoshina , F. Huang , M. Huber , W. Huelsnitz , P. O. Hulth , K. Hultqvist , S. In , A. Ishihara , E. Jacobi , G. S. Japaridze , K. Jero , M. Jurkovic , B. Kaminsky , A. Kappes , T. Karg , A. Karle , M. Kauer , A. Keivani , J. L. Kelley , J. Kemp , A. Kheirandish , J. Kiryluk , J. Kläs , S. R. Klein , G. Kohnen , R. Koirala , H. Kolanoski , R. Konietz , A. Koob , L. Köpke , C. Kopper , S. Kopper , D. J. Koskinen , M. Kowalski , K. Krings , G. Kroll , M. Kroll , J. Kunnen , N. Kurahashi , T. Kuwabara , M. Labare , J. L. Lanfranchi , M. J. Larson , M. Lesiak-Bzdak , M. Leuermann , J. Leuner , L. Lu , J. Lünemann , J. Madsen , G. Maggi , K. B. M. Mahn , R. Maruyama , K. Mase , H. S. Matis , R. Maunu , F. McNally , K. Meagher , M. Medici , A. Meli , T. Menne , G. Merino , T. Meures , S. Miarecki , E. Middell , E. Middlemas , L. Mohrmann , T. Montaruli , R. Morse , R. Nahnhauer , U. Naumann , G. Neer , H. Niederhausen , S. C. Nowicki , D. R. Nygren , A. Obertacke , A. Olivas , A. Omairat , A. O'Murchadha , T. Palczewski , H. Pandya , L. Paul , J. A. Pepper , C. Pérez de los Heros , C. Pfendner , D. Pieloth , E. Pinat , J. Posselt , P. B. Price , G. T. Przybylski , J. Pütz , M. Quinnan , C. Raab , L. Rädel , M. Rameez , K. Rawlins , R. Reimann , M. Relich , E. Resconi , W. Rhode , M. Richman , S. Richter , B. Riedel , S. Robertson , M. Rongen , C. Rott , T. Ruhe , D. Ryckbosch , S. M. Saba , L. Sabbatini , H. -G. Sander , A. Sandrock , J. Sandroos , S. Sarkar , K. Schatto , F. Scheriau , M. Schimp , T. Schmidt , M. Schmitz , S. Schoenen , S. Schöneberg , A. Schönwald , L. Schulte , D. Seckel , S. Seunarine , R. Shanidze , M. W. E. Smith , D. Soldin , M. Song , G. M. Spiczak , C. Spiering , M. Stahlberg , M. Stamatikos , T. Stanev , N. A. Stanisha , A. Stasik , T. Stezelberger , R. G. Stokstad , A. Stößl , R. Ström , N. L. Strotjohann , G. W. Sullivan , M. Sutherland , H. Taavola , I. Taboada , S. Ter-Antonyan , A. Terliuk , G. Tešić , S. Tilav , P. A. Toale , M. N. Tobin , S. Toscano , D. Tosi , M. Tselengidou , A. Turcati , E. Unger , M. Usner , S. Vallecorsa , J. Vandenbroucke , N. van Eijndhoven , S. Vanheule , J. van Santen , J. Veenkamp , M. Vehring , M. Voge , M. Vraeghe , C. Walck , A. Wallace , M. Wallraff , N. Wandkowsky , Ch. Weaver , C. Wendt , S. Westerhoff , B. J. Whelan , N. Whitehorn , C. Wichary , K. Wiebe , C. H. Wiebusch , L. Wille , D. R. Williams , H. Wissing , M. Wolf , T. R. Wood , K. Woschnagg , D. L. Xu , X. W. Xu , Y. Xu , J. P. Yanez , G. Yodh , S. Yoshida , M. Zoll

An overview is given on the present status of the understanding of the origin of galactic cosmic rays. Recent measurements of charged cosmic rays and photons are reviewed. Their impact on the contemporary knowledge about the sources and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 Joerg R. Hoerandel

We review the current state and future prospect of ultra high energy cosmic ray physics and the relationship between cosmic rays and gamma-ray astrophysics.

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 A. V. Olinto

Since more than a century we investigate cosmic particles coming from the Universe with the aim of understanding their nature, their origin and how they are accelerated. So far, cosmic rays have provided many impressive results, giving…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-30 Mariangela Settimo

The search for the origin of cosmic rays is a quest of almost a hundred years. A recent theoretical proposal gives quantitative predictions, which can be tested with data. Specifically, it has been suggested, that all cosmic rays can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Peter L. Biermann

We show that the observed fluxes, spectra and sky distributions of the high energy diffuse backgrounds of astronomical neutrinos, gamma rays and cosmic ray positrons satisfy simple relations expected from their common production in hadronic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-15 Shlomo Dado , Arnon Dar

This is the report on the cosmic ray direct track of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), broadly covering the contributions relating to charged cosmic rays (CRs) of Galactic origin. The contributions highlighted here…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-21 Philipp Mertsch

In this review paper, we present the main aspects of high-energy cosmic neutrino astrophysics. We begin by describing the generic expectations for cosmic neutrinos, including the effects of propagation from their sources to the detectors.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-07 Andrea Palladino , Maurizio Spurio , Francesco Vissani

The existence of cosmic ray particles up to the ultra-high energy limit (> 10^20 eV) is now beyond any doubt. The detection of cosmic particles with such energies imposes a challenge for the comprehension of their sources and nature. On one…

The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is one of the most intriguing mysteries in astroparticle physics and high-energy physics. Since UHECRs with light mass compositions are less deflected by the Galactic and extragalactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-08 Toshihiro Fujii

High-energy cosmic ray events present important challenges to particle astrophysics. Their nature and origin are often not well understood and, as they occur in an energy domain not accessible to particle accelerators, there is no clear…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Luis Gonzalez-Mestres

We discuss the most recent developments in our understanding of the acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays up to the highest energies. In particular we specialize our discussion to three issues: 1) developments in the theory of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Pasquale Blasi

Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) interact en route to Earth, producing secondary gamma-rays. For the case of high cosmic ray power and weak intergalactic magnetic fields, the deflections of these UHECRs may be small leading to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-10-01 Jon Dumm , Lucy Fortson

The origin of the cosmic rays has been a great mystery since they were discovered by Victor Hess in 1912. AGASA's observation of ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays (UHECR) possibly beyond the GZK (Greisen, Zatsepin and Kuzmin) cutoff stimulated…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-11-26 Hiroyasu Tajima

We introduce neutrino astronomy from the observational fact that Nature accelerates protons and photons to energies in excess of 10^{20} and 10^{13} eV, respectively. Although the discovery of cosmic rays dates back close to a century, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 F. Halzen

IceCube measures a diffuse neutrino flux comparable to the Waxman-Bahcall bound, which suggests the possibility that the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) have a common origin with diffuse high energy neutrinos. We propose high energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-25 Qinyuan Zhang , Xishui Tian , Zhuo Li